External Debt Development and Management: Some Reflections on India Dr HK Pradhan Professor of Finance and Economics XLRI Jamshedpur India Regional Workshop on Capacity-building for External Debt Management in the Era of Rapid Globalization 6-7 July 2004 Bangkok Introduction In 1990-91 when India got into a severe foreign exchange crisis her outstanding level of external debt was $ 83. 8 billion. The level of debt was about 40 per cent of Gross Domestic Product
Premium Foreign exchange market Currency Debt
rentals were done and eventually became the leader of movie rental industry while Blockbuster and many other companies eventually became bankrupt. Netflix’s story of success is also one of caution as Netflix realizes that they will continue to face many risks throughout their business cycle and if they don’t anticipate and/or respond correctly‚ they too could face the same result as Blockbuster. As of December 31‚ 2009‚ Netflix served approximately 12 million subscribers. Currently‚ Netflix claims on its
Premium Investment Net present value Rate of return
Current European Debt Crisis Since 2010 fears of a sovereign debt crisis also known as the “Euro Crisis” has developed in Europe having direct impact on countries such as Greece‚ Portugal‚ Ireland and more recently European giants Spain‚ Italy‚ and France. What is on hand for these countries is a serious economic crisis that could involve widespread defaults and or significant rises in inflation caused by toxic short-term loans. The surreal thought of an entire country defaulting‚ is becoming more
Premium European Union European Central Bank Eurozone
Risk Taking: A Corporate Governance Perspective ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The genesis of this book lies in the teaching materials prepared for IFC’s Risk Governance Workshops conducted in 20 developing countries during the 2010–2012 time period by the book’s authors. The book and workshops also benefited from the contributions of Torben Andersen of Copenhagen Business School and Zur Shapira of New York University’s Stern School of Business. The contents of the book reflect this team’s years of risk
Premium Risk Risk management
Structure and International Debt ( Questions 1. Objective. What‚ in simple wording‚ is the objective sought by finding an optimal capital structure? When taxes and bankruptcy costs are considered‚ a firm has an optimal financial structure determined by that particular mix of debt and equity that minimizes the firm’s cost of capital for a given level of business risk. If the business risk of new projects differs from the risk of existing projects‚ the optimal mix of debt and equity would change
Premium Finance Debt Corporate finance
Foreign Exchange Quotations Direct quotation: American Currency Quotation whereby the value of the American dollar (home currency)is stated as a per-unit measure of a foreign currency. This type of quotation shows how much U.S. currency it takes to purchase one unit of foreign currency. Symbol | Bid | Ask | High | Low | Chg. | Chg. % | Time | EUR/USD | 1.3335 | 1.3338 | 1.3375 | 1.3296 | -0.0038 | -0.29% | 15:52:24 | GBP/USD | 1.5691 | 1.5694 | 1.5724 | 1.5616 | -0.0028 | -0.17% | 15:52:24
Premium United States dollar Exchange rate Currency
Most countries develop an exchange rate system in order to stabilize their economy. The unidentified countries listed have pegged their currency to that of another country to promote economic growth. Fixed exchange rates allow importers and exporters to know exactly what kind of exchange rate they can expect for their transactions. This in turn helps to control inflation and temper interest rates‚ allowing an increase in trade. In addition‚ it’s important for a country’s exports to be greater than
Premium Inflation Bretton Woods system Macroeconomics
’Foreign Exchange Market’ The markets in which participants are able to buy‚ sell‚ exchange and speculate on currencies. Foreign exchange markets are made up of banks‚ commercial companies‚ central banks‚ investment management firms‚ hedge funds‚ and retail forex brokers and investors. The forex market is considered to be the largest financial market in the world. It is important to realize that the foreign exchange market is not a single exchange‚ but is constructed of a global network of computers
Premium Foreign exchange market Exchange rate Central bank
Global Reserve Currency? Jessica Davis Fort Hays State University ECFI 644 International Economics April 30‚ 2012 Dr. Dosse Toulaboe Abstract China’s economy is growing ever larger‚ but is that enough to get the Chinese Renminbi (more commonly known as Yuan) to be accepted as a global market currency? This paper will look into the liberalization‚ but with Chinese characteristics‚ of five determining factors in becoming a country whose currency is a global reserve
Premium Foreign exchange market United States dollar Currency
COMPARE AND CONTRAST OF ASIAN CURRENCY CRISIS 1997‚ AMERICAN SUB-PRIME FINANCIAL OF 2008 AND EUROPEAN DEBT CRISIS OF 2010 (MACROECONOMICS TERM PAPER) TABLE OF CONTENTS: I. Introduction II. Overview of the ff: A. Asian Financial Crisis 1997 B. American Sub-prime Financial of 2008 C. European Debt-Crisis of 2010 III. Analysis and Solution of the three Crisis IV. Compare & Contrast VI. Conclusion VII. Bibliography I. INTRODUCTION A Crisis is a time of
Premium Subprime mortgage crisis Financial crisis Subprime lending