Tetra Pak Business and Innovation Models 1) Tetra Pak as a Market Pull model for innovation. Before the introduction of Tetra Classic pack in 1952‚ milk was sold unpackaged‚ in returnable glass bottles‚ in groceries and small stores. Distribution was by horse-drawn cart‚ which took days to reach certain areas. As self service stores gradually replaced traditional groceries‚ it led to the need for a more practical and hygienic system for selling milk. Tetra Pak’s packaging process enabled
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are made that determines the degree of centralization‚ and it is quite possible for an organisation to have many divisions‚ all of which are strictly controlled from a single central source of authority. Organisations cannot be totally centralized or decentralized. Usually with complete centralization no-one other than a small group of senior managers could make any decisions – the results would be that the organization would be paralyzed and unable to function. What are the Advantages of Centralization
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BARILLA SpA (A)‚ (C) and (D) 1. Draw a flow diagram for Barilla dry products sold through distributors. Your diagram will have four major sections: Barilla production‚ Barilla Finished Goods Inventory‚ Distribution Centers‚ and grocers. Indicate the flows of both physical goods and information. At appropriate places on your diagram‚ collect any relevant statistics mentioned in the case‚ for example on inventories‚ lead-times‚ etc. Please refer to the following page (page 2 of this document)
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Nardelli took over Home Depot‚ the sales‚ which were stagnating earlier‚ soared from $46 billion in 2000 to $81.5 billion in 2005. The average annual growth rate of company increased to 12%. The major reason for that was minimizing the cost through centralized purchasing and adoption of technology. He adopted technology to automate the stores‚ employed contemporary inventory management systems‚ automated of point of sale and customer check-out system etc. These systems also generated data automatically
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SAP stands for Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing. It was Founded in 1972 by Wellenreuther‚ Hopp‚ Hector‚ Plattner and Tschira. SAP by definition is also name of the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planing) software as well the name of the company. SAP system comprises of a number of fully integrated modules‚ which covers virtually every aspect of the business management. SAP is #1 in the ERP market. As of 2010‚ SAP has more than 140‚000 installations worldwide‚ over 25 industry-specific
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pid=2A89F017-6903-477A-A94B-628576B59972&view=SWOTAnalysis Toyota Vision & Philosophy. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.toyota-global.com/company/vision_philosophy/ Vitez‚ O. (n.d.). Centralized Vs. Decentralized Organizational Structure. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/centralized-vs-decentralized-organizational-structure-2785.html
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Campus Dr. Bonnie Adams August 6‚ 2010 Centralization and Decentralization at Home Depot It is interesting to note how the Home Depot’s combination of centralizing and standardizing authority and methodology‚ coupled with the definitely decentralized concept of giving managers authority to make important business decisions locally has resulted in a winning system. Such inventive management practices‚ for instance‚ allowed the Depot to be more profitable in the 2013 fiscal year‚ up from the
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Chapter 9 Strategic Management 1) A business model describes how a company is going to make money. 2) The first step in the strategic management process is analyzing the external environment. 3) Evaluating an organization’s intangible assets is part of conducting an internal analysis in the strategic management process. 4) Activities that an organization does well or resources that it has available are called capabilities. 5) When conducting a SWOT analysis‚ threats are activities the organization
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Creation and transfer of international human resource development programs may be carried out in two ways: 1. centralized and 2. decentralized. With a centralized approach‚ training originates at the headquarters and corporate trainers travel to subsidiaries‚ often adapting to local situations. This fits the ethnocentric model. A geocentric approach is also centralized‚ but the training develops through input from both headquarters and subsidiaries staff. Trainers could be sent from
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have a decentralized government and in China they have centralized government. In the late sixth century the ruler‚ Yang Jian‚ of northern China launched military campaigns which brought all of China under “centralized imperial rule” according to Traditions & Encounters a global perspective on the past by Jerry Bentley. After the Carolingian empire in Europe divided‚ European nobles according to Traditions & Encounters a global perspective on the past by Jerry Bentley “built a decentralized society”
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