In recent years‚ as the collapse of some renowned companies‚ the issue of audit independence turns to be more and more concerned by the international regulators. Independence is the cornerstone of the auditing profession‚ and auditor’s opinion is suspect if lack of independence. However‚ in some circumstances‚ some potential threats of audit independence would be generated as jointly provision of non-audit and audit services to the audit client. Although it will create threats to independence‚ some
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“Accounting did not cause the recent corporate scandals‚ unreliable financial statements were the results of management decisions‚ fraudulent or otherwise”. (Lin & Wu‚ 2006‚ para. 5) Waste Management‚ HealthSouth‚ Enron‚ Satyam and Madoff are just a few names that come to my mind when I think of fraudulent accounting. Disguised loans‚ inflated income‚ improper accounting and misstated earnings‚ different words all describing the same thing‚ FRAUD. Fraud affects the company‚ the consumers
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as part of their work in both the commercial and public sectors. They should also be of benefit to organisations considering establishing an internal audit function. Internal auditors should read these guidelines in conjunction with the Approved Auditing Standards contained in the Members’ Handbook and the Institute’s By-Laws (On Professional Ethics‚ Conduct and Practice) [Issued January 2007] and any requirements regarding internal audit set out in the relevant statutes or regulations. These guidelines
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between sample size and other elements of auditing? A. If materiality increases‚ so will the sample size. B. If the desired level of assurance increases‚ sample sizes can be smaller. C. If materiality decreases‚ sample size will need to increase. D. There is no relationship between sample size and materiality or the desired level of assurance. 3. Which of the following statements about the study of auditing is NOT true? A. The study of auditing can be valuable to future accountants and
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What are the Key Security Challenges Faced by the Southeast Asian states? The states that make up the region of Southeast Asia play a significant role in both economic and security issues throughout all of Asia. Though Southeast Asia as a region is largely an artificial academic construction‚ the states involved are commonly understood to be Thailand‚ Burma‚ Cambodia‚ Laos‚ Vietnam‚ Philippines‚ Malaysia‚ Indonesia‚ Singapore‚ Brunei and East Timor. While many of the members of Southeast Asia vary
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The challenges Americans faced in the late 19th Century and early 20th Century. The progressives were urban Northeast college educated middle-class protestants that wanted to solve some problems. To do this they started to form groups named unions. They also started to make strikes in order for them to get the new rights that they wanted. Some of the issues that they were trying to solve were women suffrage‚ income inequality‚ child labor and safer workplace conditions.
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The advent of the African Union (AU) can be described as an event of great magnitude in the institutional evolution of the continent. On 09 September 1999‚ the Heads of State and Government of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) issued a Declaration (the Sirte Declaration) calling for the establishment of an African Union‚ with a view‚ to accelerating the process of integration in the continent to enable it play its rightful role in the global economy while addressing multifaceted social‚ economic
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Issues & Challenges faced by Entertainment Electronics Industry Change is relentless within the Entertainment Electronics Industry (EEI). Successful leaders over the short AND long term must doggedly address change. They must never tire - never get mired in the romance of their history. As EEI is the harbinger for most other industries‚ issues hit here first and must be sorted out amid tremendous pressure. Winning EEI industry leaders tend to be either visionary business strategists or the consummate
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Contemporary Issues in Auditing Contents 1. INTRODUCTION Basically the audit was originally described as to ascertaining whether the resource managing party had properly accounted for all receipts and payments on behalf of his principal. Modern audit considers whether all the information provided to the users of accounts are true and fair. Audit is‚ therefore‚ an examination of accounting records undertaken with a view to establishing whether they correctly
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92When audit risk is at an appropriately low level 83The possibility that the auditors may unknowingly fail to appropriately modify their opinion on financial statements that are materially misstated 49Investigate the identities and reputations of the client’s directors‚ officers‚ and major stockholders 51The reputation of management 81The company’s financial strength and credit rating. 85Make inquiries of the client’s banker‚ legal counsel‚ and predecessor auditor. 26Determine that independence
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