Bureaucracy – Max Webber ( 1864 – 1920) Webber developed the concept of bureaucracy. He viewed it as a formal system of organization and administration to ensure effectiveness and efficiency. He analysed the role of a leaser and examined how/why individuals respond to various forms of authority. Webber’s Bureaucratic Model • Rational – Legal • Classical : ➢ rational because its means are expressly designed to achieve certain goals with maximum efficiency. ➢ Legal
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(1998) Consumerism: as a way of life‚ Sage: London * Murdock‚ G. P (1949) Social Structure‚ New York: MacMillan * Parsons‚ T (1955) The American Family in Parsons T and Bales R (eds) Family‚ Socialisation and Interaction Process‚ The Free Press * Weber‚ M (1905) The Protestant Ethic and the Sprit of Capitalism‚ Charles Scribner’s Sons
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Reflection of Sociology 235 Sociology is the study of society. Sociologist focus around three main questions; what are we‚ what holds society together and why there is differences in society and what are its consequences. This course is mostly regarding inequality in society and its consequences in terms of Race and Ethnicity. Race and Ethnicity have been intertwined throughout sociology 235 in a way that has helped me to become a better-rounded human‚ and has additionally widened my views on people
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1. Introduction. While Simmel is generally not regarded as being as influential in sociology as were Marx‚ Weber‚ Durkheim‚ or even Parsons‚ several of the early United States sociologists studied with or were influenced by Simmel. This was especially true of those who developed the symbolic interaction approach including writers in the Chicago school‚ a tradition that dominated United States sociology in the early part of this century‚ before Parsons. Georg Simmel (1858-1918‚ Germany) was born
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Introduction: Bureaucracy literally called ‘rule by officials’‚ which is an administrative machinery of the government. Accordance with the division of functions and positions‚ hierarchical management principles established system of administrative power. Bureaucratic systems were to be structured hierarchically‚ with those at the top having far greater power and discretion than those at the bottom. There are four structural concepts are central to any definition of bureaucracy: 1. A well-defined
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VISIONS OF SOCIETY: The Bureaucratization of Society 43 The McDonaldization of Society GEORGE RITZER The success of fast food chains is used by Ritzer as a metaphor for some general trends characterizing contemporary American society.We have become a nation driven by concerns for rationality‚ speed‚ and efficiency that are so well illustrated by the McDonalds’ style of operation. Food‚ packaging‚ and service are designed to move quickly and cheaply through and out of these restaurants‚ giving customers
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Chapter 1: Introduction to McDonaldization What is McDonaldization? McDonaldization: The process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as of the rest of the world What do we mean by the spatial‚ temporal‚ and vertical expansion of McDonaldization? Spatial expansion: franchises are growing rapidly; international success; other nations have developed their own variants on the McDonald’s chain McDonald’s long
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Organizational Theory on APPLE INC. 1.Introduction Power is a measurement of an actor’s ability to influence the behavior‚ thoughts or activities of another actor (eds Ott‚ Parkes & Simpson 2008). Authority‚ power that is legitimized by the legal and cultural foundations on which an organization is based‚ is the ultimate source of power in a organization (Gareth R. Jones 2001). Whenever there is a use of authoritative control it creates resistance and obedience. In this essay‚ power and the
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based on merit. One of the characteristics of a bureaucratic school/organization is specialization. Specialization is concentrating on a specific task for example; bursar as one of the school officers regulates finances of the school. According to Weber as cited in Hoy and Miskel (1991) “division of labor and specialization means that the regular activities required for the purposes of the bureaucratically governed structure are distributed in a fixed way as official duties” (p: 104). This is to say
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suggested by Simmons and Dvorin. In order to achieve the highest efficency‚ we should maximized the outputs and minimized the inputs. Organizational Structure As efficiency is the main value of managerial approach‚ organizations are suggeted to follow Max Weber’s “ideal-type bureaucracy” which stresses the funtional specialization for “efficiency”. Hierarchy adopt the effective coordination. Programs and funtions are clearly divided to organizational units with minimized overlaping. Postions are
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