Chemical Bonding Chemical compounds are formed by the joining of two or more atoms. A stable compound occurs when the total energy of the combination has lower energy than the separated atoms. The bound state implies a net attractive force between the atoms ... a chemical bond. The two extreme cases of chemical bonds are: Covalent Bonds Covalent chemical bonds involve the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms‚ in contrast to the transfer of electrons in ionic bonds. Such bonds lead
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ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (10244818) Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic chemical compounds that have high enough vapor pressures under normal conditions to significantly vaporize and enter the atmosphere. According to EPA ’s Terms of the Environment‚ a volatile organic compound is "any organic compound that participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions except those designated by EPA as having negligible photochemical reactivity." VOC can also stand for the term “volatile organic chemical”. VOCs
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Chemical Reactions What is a Chemical Reaction? Types of Chemical Reactions Redox Reactions Nonredox Reactions Classifying Reactions What is a Chemical Reaction? A chemical reaction is a process in which the identity of at least one substance changes. A chemical equation represents the total chemical change that occurs in a chemical reaction using symbols and chemical formulas for the substances involved. Reactants are the substances that are changed and products are the substances that are
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Element: Simplest form of matter to have unique chemical properties. Atom: The smallest particles with unique chemical identities. Nucleus: Center of an atom (composed of protons and neutrons). Proton: Have a single positive charge (+1). Neutron: Have no charge. Electron: Tiny particles with a single negative charge and very low mass (-1)/determines chemical bonding properties of an atom. Atomic Number: Number of protons in the nucleus. Atomic Mass: Approximate number of protons and neutrons
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The hypothesis If a chemical reaction occurs‚ then there will be indicators of a chemical change‚ was supported throughout this experiment. Throughout this experiment there were several reactions that took place‚ and an indicator of such chemical reactions could be seen throughout each one. The first piece of identifiable evidence was present in the first step‚ which was when copper (II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide were combined. When stirred‚ a blue precipitate formed at the bottom of the test
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Chemical bonds are what make up the world. In bonds‚ elements are held together and form compounds that may have new physical and chemical properties. There are two main kinds of bonds‚ they ionic and covalent. In bonding the goal of the atoms involved is to reach a level of stability with less energy. In order to reach the epitome of stability‚ as in the case of noble gases‚ an atom strives to complete its outer shell. Either losing or gaining electrons may do this‚ which concludes in an ionic bond
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Chemical Reactions & Equations CHEMICAL REACTION : In a reaction when the original state of the particle changes and it cannot be reversed by simple physical means‚ this type of reaction is known as chemical reaction. Example :- Fermentation of grapes‚ burning of wood etc. In this reaction we have seen that after burning of wood‚ coal is formed and we cannot make wood from coal. PHYSICAL REACTION : In a reaction when original state of the particle can be recovered by any means then this type of
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EXPERIMENT NO. 9 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM Audrey De Castro FCD3‚ Group 9‚ Ms. Sarah Sibug Kristine Tavares March 27‚ 2014 I. ABSTRACT Chemical equilibrium is mostly involved in industrial processes such as synthesis of ammonia
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Here’s a good example from engineering. An aerospace engineer might want to graph the lift of a wing versus the size of the wing‚ and he wants to show everything from an insect wing all the way up to a jumbo jet. A fly’s wing is maybe 0.1 inch long‚ and a jumbo jet wing might be 1000 inches long (about 80 ft). It would be pretty tough to put more than one insect on that graph - if you scale the wing length axis to fit on a sheet of paper‚ all the points for insect wings would be jammed up against
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World’s Chemical Industry 1.1 Scope of the chemical industry. 1.2 Category wise breakdown of the chemical industry. 1.3 Research and development in the chemical industry. 1.4 Classification of the chemical industry development of Pakistan – Vision 2030. CHAPTER 2 Potential for the development of secondary chemical industries based on feedstocks derived from primary industries. 2.1 Feedstocks derived from primary industries for the potential development of secondary chemical industries
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