2 Chemical warfare What is Chemical Warfare: To understand chemical warfare you must first understand what a chemical agent is. A United Nations report from 1969 defines chemical warfare agents as " ... chemical substances‚ whether gaseous‚ liquid or solid‚ which might be employed because of their direct toxic effects on man‚ animals and plants ... ". This means basically that any chemical that is used to directly effect and harm a person‚ plant‚ or animal would be an act of chemical warfare
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Chemical Periodicity Engr. Imelda Galera De La Salle University-Dasmariñas Dasmariñas‚ Cavite Philippines ABSTRACT Chemical periodicity was demonstrated using different samples of elements from Group IA‚ IIA and IVA. These samples are: Li2CO3‚ Na2CO3‚ K2CO3‚ MgCO3‚ CaCO3‚ BaCO3‚ Carbon‚ Tin‚ Silicon and Lead. Each sample was placed in a test tube‚ (one sample and one test tube) and the physical color‚ appearance and state was defined. Water was used to test the solubility of the element
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CHEMICAL BONDS Chemical Bonds I. Introduction Chemical compounds are formed by the joining of two or more atoms. A stable compound occurs when the total energy of the combination has lower energy than the separated atoms. The bound state implies a net attractive force between the atoms called a chemical bond. The two extreme cases of chemical bonds are the covalent bonds and ionic bonds. Covalent bonds are bonds in which one or more pairs of electrons are shared by two atoms. Covalent bonds
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Chemical Equation Chemical Reaction: C10H8+ 12 O2 → CO2 + 4H2 O (Naphthalene) Combustion Introduction of the Product: Naphthalene is an organic compound with formula C10H8. It is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon‚ and is a white crystalline solid with a characteristic odor that is detectable at concentrations as low as 0.08 ppm by mass. As an aromatic hydrocarbon‚ naphthalene’s structure consists of a fused pair of benzene rings. It is best known as the
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Chemical Warfare Diyora Shukurova Period 1 06-05-2014 Chemical warfare is known as the “use of toxic chemicals in battle.” Chemicals have been used for battle throughout centuries. But also known as any toxic chemical which is deadly or can cause injuries. For example‚ poisoned arrows‚ boiling tar‚ arsenic smoke and noxious fumes‚ and there are many more. Chemical weapons were first used in 1915. The germen military was the first to release 168 tons of chlorine gas at Ypres and Belgium which caused
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Chemical Energetics All about enthalpy‚ calorimetry and the First Law of Thermodynamics A Chem1 Reference Text Stephen K. Lower • Simon Fraser University1 Contents Part 1: Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Part 2: Basic thermodynamics: what you need to know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Systems and surroundings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Properties
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Chemical Reactions Chemical Reactions Introduction In this paper you learn about the reactions that occur between backing soda and lemon juice. We will also describe what is occurring with the molecules on a molecular level. Lastly we will explain what chemical bonds are formed and or broken when lemon juice and backing soda. Observations of the Reactants When most people hear baking soda they think of the bright orange box sitting in their pantry or refrigerator soaking up the foul odors
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Products The products manufactured by Eastman Chemical Company are categorized in five key sectors. Defined by the end use of the products‚ these sectors provide a basic overview of the types of products produced. Included in the description of each sector is a brief summary of the type of consumer or industrial goods that utilize the products manufactured by Eastman.[5] Coatings‚ adhesives‚ specialty polymers and inks Utilizing raw materials including propane‚ ethane‚ butane‚ high sulfur coal
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A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electromagnetic force attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such as dipole-dipole interactions‚ the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding
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Chemical Weapons Chemical weapons use the toxic properties of chemical substances rather than their explosive properties to produce physical or physiological effects on an enemy. Although instances of what might be styled as chemical weapons date to antiquity‚ much of the lore of chemical weapons as viewed today has its origins in World War I. During that conflict "gas" (actually an aerosol or vapor) was used effectively on numerous occasions by both sides to alter the outcome of battles. A significant
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