supportive evidence is needed to determine whether apparent misstatements are actually material. e. Describe a situation in which confirmation will be considered highly reliable and another in which it will not be reliable. Confirmation of bank balances is considered highly reliable whereas confirmation of a department store charge account is often not considered reliable. Banks are accustomed to confirmations from auditors and
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Effects of working capital management on the profitability of Portuguese manufacturing firms Sónia Silva* sonia@eeg.uminho.pt Florinda Silva** fsilva@eeg.uminho.pt July 2012 Abstract This study provides empirical evidence about the effects of working capital management on the profitability of Portuguese manufacturing firms. A database covering the period 1996-2006‚ collected from Portuguese Statistical Office‚ is analyzed under panel data methodology. In line with previous research
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1. Suppose the Federal Reserve instructs the Trading Desk to purchase $1 billion of securities. Show result of this transaction on the balance sheets of the Federal Reserve System and commercial banks. > Change in Federal Reserve’s Balance Sheet Assets Liabilities Securities + $1 billion
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RESEARCH ARTICLE An Empirical Analysis of Capital Structure on Firms’ Performance in Nigeria Taiwo Adewale Muritala* Department of Economics and Financial Studies‚ Fountain University Osogbo‚ Osun State‚ Nigeria. *Correspondence E-mail: muritaiwo@yahoo.com Abstract This paper examines the optimum level of capital structure through which a firm can increase its financial performance using annual data of ten firms spanning a five-year period. The results from Im‚ Pesaran & Shine unit root test show
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and balance sheet. Their preparation is also desirable but not compulsory. However‚ they are generally prepared. In the case of trading concern‚ a trading account and in the case of a manufacturing concern‚ a manufacturing account and a trading account can also be prepared. In such a case‚ the account heading is mentioned as follows: Manufacturing/trading and profit and loss account. In the case of joint stock companies’ preparation of the profit and loss account and balance sheet every year is compulsory
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Classification of Assets and Liabilities in a Balance Sheet We all know that Balance sheet tells us the financial position of a business at a particular point of time. The accounting equation i.e. Assets = Liabilities + Capital forms lays the foundation for the preparation of Balance Sheet. Everything that the business owns are its assets. Alternatively‚ whatever amounts a business owes to outsiders become its liabilities. First let us see how these assets are to be classified. Current
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planning the audit of a client ’s inventory‚ an auditor identified the following issues that need audit attention. 1. Inventories are properly stated at the lower of cost or market. 2. Inventories included in the balance sheet are present in the warehouse on the balance sheet date. 3. Inventory quantities include all products‚ materials‚ and supplies on hand. 4. Liens on the inventories are properly disclosed in notes to the financial statements. 5. The client has legal title to the inventories
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SUBJECT: DESIGN COMPANY NOVARTIS HELLAS pharmaceuticals firms PEST ANALYSIS To understand the impact of the environment in any industry‚ it is imperative to consider four main factors that influence this particular political‚ economic‚ social and technological factors. It is a fact that in Greece factors are rather disproportionate influence on the functioning of a healthy market competition. The business environment is regulated by opaque procedures‚ middlemen‚ bureaucrats‚ businessmen and
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Topic: ADVANTAES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SMALL VS. LARGE FIRMS 1. Size and financial Requirements 2. Economies of Scale 3. Strategies for Growth 4. Management and Control 5. Lack of Record Keeping 6. Working Capital Deficiencies 7. Poor Management Skills 8. Regulations and Legislations 1. Lack of Record Keeping Businesses should keep track of their records and documents for the following reasons: * To ensure payments were made to the suppliers for materials
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issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/1475-7702.htm RAF 11‚1 Do CEO compensation incentives affect firm innovation? Shahbaz Sheikh University of Western Ontario‚ London‚ Canada Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine if the structure and design of CEO compensation has any effect on firm innovation. It further investigates the effectiveness of each component of portfolio of compensation incentives in encouraging innovation. Design/methodology/approach
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