In cell biology‚ a mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.[1] These organelles range from 0.5 to 1.0 micrometer (μm) in diameter. Mitochondria are sometimes described as "cellular power plants" because they generate most of the cell’s supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‚ used as a source of chemical energy.[2] In addition to supplying cellular energy‚ mitochondria are involved in other tasks such as signaling‚ cellular differentiation
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1. a) Define a cell. b) What is a unicellular organism? c) Can a cell be multicellular? A) the structural‚ functional‚ and biological unit of all organisms. B) a organism that only consisits on one cell C) A single cell cannot be multicellular. 2. a) What is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? b) What is one significant similarity? A) eukaryotic cells have a neuclus‚ prokaryotic cells do not. B) Both have DNA 3. Which type of microscopy provides a 3d view of the surface of
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All organisms on earth depend on photosynthesis‚ in which light energy is used to make sugar and other food molecules from carbon dioxide and water. For example‚ plants and other photo-synthesizers need only energy from sunlight‚ carbon dioxide from air‚ and water from the soil to make the sugar glucose. Photosynthesis is the most important chemical process on earth because it provides food for virtually all organisms‚ not only for photo-synthesizers but for the organisms that eat them. Plants can
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Bio notes 2/4/13 Sunlight + 2H (little 2) O + 2O (little 2) - 2O (little 2) + C (little6) H (little 12) O (little6) Sunlight+ water+ carbon dioxide oxygen + glucose Supports all life on Earth Changing sunlight (solar energy) to glucose (chemical energy) Where? Leaves Leaf structures ------------------------------------------------- epidermis ------------------------------------------------- palisade mesophyll- top 1-2 layers under epidermis—very regular‚ column like‚ tightly packed
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body. Introduction Respiration is the physical process by which living organisms take in oxygen from the surrounding medium and emit carbon dioxide. The term respiration is also used to refer to the liberation of energy‚ within the cell‚ from fuel molecules such as carbohydrates and fats. Carbon dioxide and water are the products of this process‚ which is sometimes called cellular respiration to distinguish it from the physical process of breathing. Cellular respiration is similar in most organisms
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Biology Study Guides - SparkNotes Cellular Respiration I. Reaction: C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O ——> 6CO2 + 12 H2O + energy (38 ATP and heat) II. Aerobic Cellular Respiration occurs in three stages. A. Glycolysis (occurs in the cytoplasm) 1. One glucose is split into two pyruvates (C3H4O3). 2. 4 ATP are produced‚ but 2 endergonic reactions use up 2 ATP. 3. Glycolysis requires no oxygen‚ and occurs whether oxygen is present or not. 4
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|Then‚ tests are performed to determine if the products of aerobic and anaerobic respiration are present | |Includes: |in the flasks. The tests detect the presence of carbon dioxide and ethanol. Carbon dioxide should be | |Background information and purpose of the|present irrespective of the type of respiration taking place‚ but ethanol is present only if | |experiment |fermentation has
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Explain how CO2 enters leaves. What environmental factors control stomatal movement? How are these factors related to physical and chemical properties that control the opening and closing of stomata? CO2 enters leaves through stomata‚ which are small openings in the leaves surrounded by guard cells. These stomata are responsive to light‚ so they open with natural light and close at night. One interesting environmental factor that can control stomatal movement is the overall level of CO2 in the
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bioJared Kerr Chapter 7 Section 2 I. Aerobic Respiration a. Overview of aerobic 1. Aerobic respiration has two major stages; the Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain. 2. In the Krebs cycle‚ the oxidation of glucose that began with glycolysis is completed. 3. In the electron transport chain‚ NADH is use to make ATP. 4. In prokaryotes the reactions take place in the cytoeol. 5. In eukaryotes the reactions take place in the mitochondria. 6. The mitochondrial
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muscles through red blood cells; this is how muscles get the energy they need‚ to work. (2) Aerobic respiration is the way energy is released from glucose when working muscles contract and relax. Muscles normally work in pairs first one contracts (become shorter and wider) and the other relaxes (becomes longer and thinner) this is how they work when moving bones. (1) Formula for aerobic respiration Glucose + oxygen Carbon Dioxide + water (+ energy) Muscle fatigue and what causes
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