Buddhism‚ a religion that is practiced by most Indian communities‚ is named after Gautama Buddha. He was a religious teacher‚ and his work began in the north of India. The dates for his birth and death have been subject to discussion as they are not certain. Different researchers have indicated different dates‚ but they all range at around the mid BCE. Information that concerns and illustrates the life of Buddha is mainly contained in his writings and texts. The Buddha had monks who were his followers
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Chapter 11 The Americas on the Eve of Invasion I. Introduction A. By 1500‚ Americas densely populated by Indians – misnomer – Columbus/Indies 1. Term has meaning only when used to apply to non-Indians B. Mesoamerica and Andean heartland 1. Imperial states in place when Europe arrives 2. Few areas influenced by two main centers 3. Areas that developed independently II. Postclassic Mesoamerica A. Introduction 1. Toltecs/Aztecs replace Mayas of 8th century CE a. By 15th
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Anthropology – Study of Human Diversity - the four subfields of anthropology Cultural anthropologists: ethnography… based on field work Archaeologists: material remains Biological: diversity thru time and space Language: now language to learn past Earnest Hooton: Physical anthropologist Black racist… said closer to primates than whites. caucazoid‚ mongloid‚ negroid Culture Traditions and customs that govern behavior and beliefs; distinctly human; transmitted through learning. |
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Identification. Since declaring independence on 20 July 1810 and achieving it in 1819‚ Colombia has changed its name seven times. Regional cultural traditions are diverse‚ with a broad range of distinct groups that have unique customs‚ accents‚ social patterns‚ and cultural adaptations. These groups are classified into three cultures: those in the interior‚ the countryside‚ and the coastal regions. Only during elections‚ sporting events‚ and beauty pageants do the regional cultures unite for a common
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The Phrase “comparative method” refers to the method of comparing different societies or groups within the same society to show whether and why they are similar or different in certain respects. Both Montesquieu and Auguste Comte‚ often regarded as the founders of sociology‚ used or recommended ‘comparison’ to establish and explain both differences and similarities between societies. The comparative method was for long considered the method par excellence of sociology. According to Andre Beteille
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Professor Stanford SSC 101-051 Paper #1 – Culture A Theoretical Approach to Culture and The Study of its Theory The concept of culture is a broad and elaborate subject that identifies with the common practices of different groups of people. Our textbook defines culture as the total pattern of human behavior and its products‚ embodied in thoughts‚ speech‚ action and artifacts. I personally view culture as a concept that helps us develop and identify within our own society‚ and societies
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The African Jihads Jihad‚ the Muslim word meaning holy war. During the 18th and 19th centuries‚ this word brought fear to anyone who did not fully believe in the Islamic state and resided in West Africa. The Jihads of this era not only changed the faith of many people‚ but also the landscape of West African democracy. Although Islamic Jihads had occurred in the past‚ they never surmounted to the magnitude of those of the 18th century. What factors and leaders caused the West African
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African Kingdoms and Empires During 400 AD‚ West Africa witnessed the rise and fall of the indigenous medieval empires of ancient Ghana‚ medieval Mali‚ and Songhai. Many other states and kingdoms arose during this time but Ghana‚ Mali and Songhai achieved the status of fully-fledged‚ functioning and long-living conquest states and expansionist empires. These empires regulated the Trans-Saharan trade by offering protection for trade caravans as well as taxing slaves‚ gold‚ firearms‚ textiles and
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integration and sometimes divided into three loosely defined categories: 1. Bands are associations of families that may nor exceed twenty-five to sixty people. 2. Tribes are clusters of bands that are linked by clans (formal kin groups). 3. Chiefdoms are a controversial category‚ for they display great differences in organization and social complexity‚ making them hard to define precisely. 3. What is superposition and stratigraphy in an archaeological site? (P17‚ F1-6) 4. Know the difference
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Songhai‚ Africa The Songhai Empire‚ also known as the Songhay Empire‚ was a state located in western Africa. From the early 15th to the late 16th century‚ Songhai was one of the largest Islamic empires in history. This empire bore the same name as its leading ethnic group‚ the Songhai. Its capital was the city of Gao‚ where a Songhai state had existed since the 11th century. Its base of power was on the bend of the Niger River in present day Niger and Burkina Faso. The Songhai state has existed
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