PSY 339 Lecture Fear Learning in Humans- Learning to be Afraid Learning- a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience this occurs through ASSOCIATION – PAVLOV Classical Conditioning a previously neutral stimulus (CS)-red square- gets paired with the unconditioned stimulus (US) – lightening bolt- RESULT- CS elicits fear (CR) How do we measure fear in Pavlovian Conditioning? Freezing‚ Vocalization (ultrasonic for rodents)‚ Increase in acoustic startle response‚ skin
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Phoenix Many individuals suffer from a phobia or a natural fear of something or a current situation that they may have been in or are in currently. One of the most common phobias is having a fear of heights‚ also called Acrophobia. Acrophobia is often mislabeled as vertigo. Researchers have said that “those with an extreme fear of heights‚ that the stronger their fear is‚ the bigger the error could be (Callaway‚ 2009). The fear of heights in different learning perspectives Someone that is
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The PSA entitled Fragile Childhood‚ follows a group of children who are victimized and in some form‚ physically violated by their alcoholic parents. In the beginning‚ the identities of the children’s parents are unknown‚ however‚ several seconds into the PSA‚ the video reveals the embodiment of the parents who are depicted as sinister-looking monsters. Although the monstrous characters do not appear to be doing the children any harm‚ their terrifying appearance makes simple‚ parent-like actions such
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Many people in today’s society allow fear to overcome and control them. One example of this is a fear of being looked down upon. In the allegory‚Riding the tiger”‚ by Eve Bunting‚ Danny fears the tiger by the end of the story. In the beginning of the story‚ Danny thinks everyone likes and respects the tiger‚ however‚ as the story progresses‚ he later realizes the tiger is misgiving. After the police officer talks to him‚ Danny says to himself‚ “But the officer and Mr. Muto made me a bit edgy” (2)
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The Construction of Fear Barry Glassner gives several different constructions on how we can transform‚ exaggerate‚ and invent fears. Fear is defined as a feeling of agitation and anxiety caused by present or imminent danger. But Barry Glassner defines it as constructed through efforts to protect against it. Society as a whole uses fear to profit financially‚ politically‚ or media driven by journalist. These three profits show how transforming‚ exaggerating‚ and inventing fear has shaped society
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Public Speaking There are natural oral speech disorders such as sluttering‚ cluttering‚ articulation disorders‚ and aplaxia. Sluttering is a problem that interferes with fluent speech. When someone repeats the first part of a word or stays a long time on a single sound it is because they are slutter. A person who stutters has trouble getting out what they want to say‚ and a person who clutters says what they are thinking‚ but it becomes disorganized while actually speaking. Apraxia is thought
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Many people live their lives in a constant state of fear. Some people are afraid of being alone or alienated‚ while others are afraid of social interactions and other people. When one lives in a state of fear‚ it can have debilitating consequences. It can lead to insecurity and in extreme cases‚ mental breakdowns. Fear plays an important roll in J.D. Salinger’s fictional coming-of-age novel The Catcher in the Rye. Fear is demonstrated through the actions of protagonist Holden Caulfield‚ he is afraid
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Hoggitt 1 Dustin Hoggitt Mr. Silva Satire 2/11/14 The Greatest Danger to Society “Action is a great restorer and builder of confidence. Inaction is not only the result‚ but the cause‚ of fear. Perhaps the action you take will be successful; perhaps different action or adjustments will have to follow. But any action is better than no action at all” (Norman Vincent Peale). Throughout my life here on what is now called Manor Farm‚ I have been afraid. I have not been willing to take action
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Growing up as a child can have its ups and downs. We all had good days and bad days. Everyone may have experienced to a certain degree some kind of abandonment during childhood. The feeling of abandonment can have many effects on a person‚ Depending on the severity of the incidents that the child goes through. Irene’s parents left her when she was six years old because of financial issues. It was very traumatic to her because she did not understand most of it‚ she only knew that mommy and daddy
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something‚ for example mice or needles. For many people these are minor fears. A fear is a rational response to a situation that possibly poses a threat to our safety. It is normal to experience fear in a dangerous situation. Sometimes these fears can be very serious and interfere with day to day life and create anxiety. This is called a phobia. Phobias are said to affect 11% of the Australian population. Fears vs. Phobias Fear is a natural response that humans‚ and in fact most animals‚ have.
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