2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND BRAND PERSONALITY A brand personality can be defined as the set of human characteristics associated with a given brand. Thus it includes such characteristics as gender‚ age‚ and socioeconomic class‚ as well as such classic personality traits as warmth‚ concern and sentimentality. Brand Personality like human personality‚ is both distinctive and enduring. For example‚ one analysis found Coke to be considered real and authentic whereas Pepsi was
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Halmstad University School of Business and Engineering Master Dissertation in International Marketing Master Dissertation in Strategic Management and Leadership The Analysis of Challenges and Opportunities in Brand Extension Authors: Chen Si Jia 891028-4986 Gu Jing 880711-T284 Supervisor: Gabriel Awuah Date of Submission: 31 May‚ 2012 Acknowledgements We would like to firstly thank our supervisor‚ Professor Gabriel Awuah‚ for his constant support and inspiring advices during
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loyalty: implications for service providers. The Journal of Services Marketing‚ 11(3)‚ pp. 165-179. Jacoby‚ J. & Kryner‚ D. B. (1973) Brand loyalty vs. repeat purchasing behavior. Journal of Marketing Research‚ February‚ pp. 1-9. Oliver‚ R. L. (1999) Whence consumer loyalty. Journal of Marketing‚ 63(special issue)‚ pp. 33-44. Wernerfelt‚ B. (1991) Brand loyalty and market equilibrium. Marketing Science‚ 10(3)‚ pp. 229-245. Javalgi‚ R. G. & Moberg‚ C. R. (1997) Service loyalty: implications
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Title The Relationship of Brand Equity and Brand Extension: Low Involvement products vs. High Involvement Products Background and Significance In the present‚ technology enhances modern goods production resulting producers can provide resemble products in physical aspects such as quality or packaging. These create no differentiate of products. Consequently‚ Product Brand as well as the customer’s perception is the significance that promotes product differentiates or product
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specialty stores are swiftly replacing the traditional formats dramatically altering the retailing landscape in India. Different retail formats are present in the market. Brands or retailers decide the formats based on their products. Brands generally consider three types of retail formats: Exclusive brand outlet‚ large format store‚ Multi brand outlet. India is the third-most attractive retail market for global retailers among the 30 largest emerging markets‚ according to US consulting group AT Kearney’s
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Daystar University Topic: Brand Building Name: Joyce Njoki Admission Number: 10-1718 Submitted to: Mrs. Julie Muraya School of Communication Valley road Campus THESIS Topic Brand building Thesis statement Brand building is a public relation function that involves understanding the type of brand the company requires and the types of brand assets involved in brand building that lead to development of a strong brand. BRAND BUILDING Introduction Branding is the use of words‚ designs and symbols to
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Brand selected: Wing On Travel Agency Content Page Introduction .................................................................................................................. 2 Company Background ................................................................................................. 2 Revitalization strategies – Expanding brand awareness .......................................... 3 Revitalization strategies –Improving the brand image .......................................
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BRAND IMAGE AND BRAND LOYALTY Muhammad Shafiq Gul[1]*‚ Dr Farzand Ali Jan** Dr Qadar Baksh Baloch Muhammad Faheem Jan*** & Muhammad Farooq Jan**** Abstract This study was conducted to determine the level of brand loyalty and image‚ to examine interactive role of those factors that determines brand image and loyalty‚ to determine level of brand loyalty and image of Toyota car users and to suggest measures for developing brand loyalty in district Peshawar. The data was collected through
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How to measure brand image: a reasoned review Luca Cian‚ Ross Business School‚ University of Michigan‚ USA* The aim of this paper is to review the most important tools and methods used to analyse and measure the brand image. Both traditional and innovative measurements have been considered‚ including attitude scales‚ Q-Sort‚ Natural Grouping‚ Kelly Repertory Grid‚ Laddering‚ Benefit Chain‚ Projective Techniques‚ Brand Personality‚ and Brand Narration. Considering the number of tools presented‚
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Brand 1: Coca-Cola Coca-Cola overview “In 1886‚ John Pemberton‚ an Atlanta pharmacist‚ was inspired by simple curiosity when he discovered ‘Coca-Cola’. One afternoon‚ he stirred up a fragrant‚ caramel-colored liquid and‚ when it was done‚ he carried it a few doors down to Jacob’s pharmacy. The mixture was combined with carbonated water and sampled by customers who all agreed that the drink was something special. So Jacob’s Pharmacy put it on sale for five cents a glass. Pemberton’s bookkeeper
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