are structurally different. There are many organelles are membranous‚ such as the nucleolus‚ endoplasmic reticulum‚ Golgi apparatus‚ vacuoles and vesicles‚ lysosomes‚ peroxisome‚ mitochondrion‚ and chloroplast. The unique structures between the two: plant cells- large central vacuole‚ cell wall‚ chloroplast; animal cell- small vacuoles‚ and centrioles. In the animal cell‚ they have many structures and functions: plasma membrane defines the cell boundaries and regulates molecule passage in and out
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Biology- cell organelles assignment Animal cells: Introduction: An animal cell is called a eukaryotic cell; it has a cell membrane‚ cytoplasm and a nucleus. The cell surface is covered by a membrane only. The cell membrane is strong and keeps the cell together even though it is thin and flexible. The cell membrane also controls what goes in and out of the cell e.g. nutrients go in and waste comes out. The cytoplasm is inside the nucleus and it controls the cells activities. An animal is
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converting light energy to chemical energy and storing it in the carbon-hydrogen bonds of glucose. This process occurs in plants and some algae. Plants need only light energy‚ CO2‚ and H2O to make sugar. The process of photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts‚ specifically using chlorophyll. Biologists generally agree that the light process of photosynthesis can be divided into two major reactions. These are often referred to as the light and dark reactions. During the light reactions or photochemical
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incorporate it into malate‚ which they store in large vacuoles. The stomata closes during the day; however‚ the stored malate moves from the vacuole to a chloroplast and releases its CO2. The CO2 is then fixed in the Calvin cycle by the chloroplast‚ and the CAM pathway reduces photorespiration by generating high CO2 concentrations inside chloroplasts. This strategy saves both water and energy. 9. Explain how C4 photosynthesis is based on a spatial arrangement of structures‚ whereas CAM photosynthesis
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plants and some algae. Plants need only light energy‚ CO2‚ and H2O to make sugar. The process of photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts‚ specifically using chlorophyll‚ the green pigment involved in photosynthesis. Photosynthesis takes place primarily in plant leaves‚ and little to none occurs in stems.. The upper and lower epidermal cells do not have chloroplasts‚ thus photosynthesis does not occur there. They serve primarily as protection for the rest of the leaf. The stomates are holes which
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Photosynthesis occurs in leaves that contain specialized cell structures called chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain molecules of a green pigment called chlorophyll‚ consisting largely of carbon and hydrogen. It gives green color and absorbs the necessary light for photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are found in palisade cells‚ they have a large surface area‚ which means there is more change of light hitting a chloroplast. Light is a very important factor when it comes to the process of photosynthesis‚
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prokaryotic cells. Another physical difference is the size of both cells. A prokaryote is only 0.5-5 μm‚ whilst Eukaryotes are on average 10 times bigger at up to 40μm. Mitochondria are absent from Prokaryotes‚ yet found in Eukaryotes‚ as are chloroplasts (though chloroplasts are not found in animal cells). One difference as far as existence is concerned‚ is that prokaryotes are believed to be the first form of life around 3.5 billion years ago. Eukaryotes are much younger‚ and believed to have existed around
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able to create its own food through photosynthesis (simple organic substances) Plants Heterotrophs An organism that “feeds” by absorbing complex organic substances. Animals/humans 8.2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Chlorophyll and Chloroplasts For Questions 1–6‚ complete each statement by writing the
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microscope‚ we see that they are continuously moving and therefore are alive. We have observed that when the cells are in the 10% sodium chloride‚ the chloroplasts are positioned to the sides of the cell wall and the cytoplasm is more expanded. Cells in the distilled water are slightly smaller than the cells in the sodium chloride solution and the chloroplasts have begun moving to the same. Finally‚ cells in the isotonic water are very small and equally spread out through out the cells. Conclusion
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- Cellular Respiration Assignment - 1. What two molecules are formed when a phosphate is removed from ATP? There are three phosphate groups in ATP molecule (Adenosine Triphosphate)‚ when removing one phosphate molecule‚ ADP molecule is formed (Adenosine Diphosphate). 2. What is the function of ATP? Describe the molecule. The function of ATP is storing energy within a cell. ATP is adenosine triphosphate‚ C10H16N5O13P3‚ a high energy complex‚ giving the necessary power to push metabolistic
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