or double stranded RNA or DNA. It can also be linear or circular. Only in viruses can the genetic material be RNA. For example in HIV the virus can infect a host cell and use an enzyme transciptase to sequence a DNA molecule which is then incorporated into the genome of the cell to produce viral proteins or genetic material. Like eukaryotic chromosomes bacterial chromosomes are double stranded DNA and can be associated with proteins. These proteins are histones HU and H1 which are positively charged
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nanometres‚ micrometres and millimetres for the measurements given in each row. The first row has been completed for you. Ensure that your answers use the correct unit symbols. Nanometre Micrometre Millimetre 5 0.005 0.000005 1 1 1 3 7 0.5 3) When studying cells structure using a microscope the smallest unit of measurement commonly used to describe findings is the nanometre. Explain why. Magnification and Resolution 1) Define the following terms: Magnification: Resolution:
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______________________________________ Date: ________________________ Student Exploration: Cell Structure Vocabulary: cell wall‚ centriole‚ chloroplast‚ cytoplasm‚ endoplasmic reticulum‚ Golgi apparatus‚ lysosome‚ mitochondria‚ nuclear envelope‚ nucleolus‚ nucleus‚ organelle‚ plasma membrane‚ plastid‚ ribosome‚ vacuole‚ vesicle Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. What are some of the structures inside a cell that help it to live and perform its role in an organism? ____________________________________________________________
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heredity and variation. Heredity: transmission of characters from parents to their off spring. Variation: Differences for various characters among the individuals of the same species. Types of variation: 1. Environmental and 2. Hereditary 1. Heredity variation: Variation observed among the individuals of the same species due to difference in their genetic constitution is termed as heredity variation. 2. Environmental variation: Two individuals with the same genotype may become different in phenotype
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Organelle |Function |Location | | |Cell (plasma) membrane |Composed of proteins and a bilayer of lipid. |Outermost boundary of cell (animal) | | |Holds the contents of the cell in place. | | | |Regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell using the |
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Exercise 13 MITOSIS: REPLICATION OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS 1. a. Mitosis and cytokinesis are often referred to collectively as "cellular division." Why are they more accurately called cellular replication? The result of mitosis is production of two cells (replicates) identical to the parent cell. The genetic material is replicated rather than divided. b. Does the cell cycle have a beginning and an end? The organization of our study of cellular events indicates a beginning and
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Eukaryotic Cell Division Cells must continually grow and divide in order for an organism to grow‚ maintain its structure‚ and reproduce. Cell division involves the replication‚ or copying‚ of the complete set of hereditary information. It also involves the equal distribution of the genetic material in the resulting cells. The hereditary information of organisms is contained in large molecules called deoxyribonucleic acid‚ DNA. Objectives Upon completion of this laboratory
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Organelle | Found In | Structure | Function | Cell Membrane (plasma membrane) | Both | A phospholipid bilayer that contains proteins. Lipids face each other while the phosphates face away from each other. Most proteins stay with the outer layer of phospholipids. | Protective barrier. Transports required materials and wastes in and out of the cell. Cell communication. | Nucleus | Both | Dense sphere inside the cell. Surrounded by a nuclear envelope with nuclear pores that allow for material transportation
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8.1.1 The Eukaryotic cell cycle 1. If a cell is in a state in which it no longer divides then the cell is probably arrested at which stage of the cell cycle? A) G1 2. Interphase of the cell cycle lasts longer than mitosis? A) TRUE - A cell spends about 90% of its life in interphase of the cell cycle‚ while it spends only about 10% of its life in M phase. 3. When does DNA replication occur in the cell cycle? A) Interphase 4. Which statement about the cell cycle is incorrect? C) In G2
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Micrograph Structure (noun) Function (verb) Relationship between S/F Nucleus - Nucleus composed of chromatin‚ nucleoplasm‚ a nucleolus‚ and a nuclear envelope - Has large pores (nuclear pores/nuclear envelope) - Nuclear envelope has a double membrane - Diameter of 5 micrometers - spherical shape - controls all cell activity by directing which enzymes are made for specific functions - stores the genetic material of the cell (DNA) - directs the chemical reactions in cells by transcribing
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