Post Lab #4- Column Chromatography Organic Chem 3418-2 March 3‚ 2011 Theoretical Background- The fluorene and fluorenone mixture was separated by first dissolving the mixture in heptane. Since “like dissolves like”‚ fluorene dissolves with the non-polar heptane and the polar fluorenone dissolves in the polar ethyl acetate solvent. This phenomenon was illustrated in class before the experiment‚ when it was pointed out why water will not dissolve fluorene‚ fluorenone‚ or transstilbene
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RADICAL HALOGENATION AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY Abstract In radical halogenations lab 1-chlorobutane and 5% sodium hypochlorite solution was mixed in a vial and put through tests to give a product that can then be analyzed using gas chromatography. This experiment was performed to show how a radical hydrogenation reaction works with alkanes. Four isomers were attained and then relative reactivity rate was calculated. 1‚1-dichlorobutane had 2.5% per Hydrogen; 1‚2-dichlorobutane had 10%; 1‚3-dichlorobutane
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Chromatography: Separating Mixtures Introduction: Magic marker inks are often mixtures of several compounds. Paper chromatography is a common method of separating various components of a mixture. After separation‚ you can observe the different colors that make up a particular color of magic marker ink. You can also calculate a ratio Rf‚ which compares how far each compound traveled to how far each solvent (substance that dissolves another substance) traveled during the experiment.
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THE EYE. The normal sighted human eye perceives an object which is ‘described’ by light rays and how they are bent by it . Usually‚ the image of the object is picked up on the retina‚ on the area of the Central Forea as an upside down picture which is then ‘righted’ by the brain in order that the object may be seen. Different distanced objects are perceived by the eye and the lens is the part that makes this possible. Objects which are close to the eye are seen by the eyes’s lens becoming thicker
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Thin-Layer Chromatography of Analgesics Abstract: In this experiment thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used to determine the composition of an unknown mixture of analgesics given five references of AC‚ ASP‚ CAF‚ IBU‚ SAL‚ an unknown consisting of a mixture of three of the references‚ and two unknowns (6‚23) containing a single reference compound. The composition of the unknown mixture and two single unknowns were determined by spotting the reference compounds and the unknown compounds on two
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Chapter 9: The Eye * Light is electromagnetic energy that is emitted in form of waves; waves crash into objects and are absorbed‚ reflected‚ scattered‚ and bent * Half of human cerebral cortex is involved with analyzing visual world * MAMMALIAN VISUAL SYSTEM: begins with eye‚ back of eye is retina (contains photoreceptors specialized to convert light energy to neural activity) * Eyes have features to track moving objects and keep transparent surface clean (i.e. by tears) *
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Gillian Wagner April 30‚ 2011 ENGL 3353 Modern American Fiction Dawn and Doom in the Branches “There is no agony like bearing an untold story inside of you.” Zora Neale Hurston Zora Neale Hurston’s novel‚ Their Eyes Were Watching God‚ was written in 1937 at the tail end of the Harlem Renaissance. It is a passionate tale of Janie Crawford’s evolving self as she goes through three marriages and a life of triumphs and tragedies. The novel starts off with Janie retracing her steps by coming
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1) Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions by lowering the - Activation energy 2) The process of influencing the chemical bonds in a way that lowers the ___ needed to speed up a chemical reaction is called catalysis -activation energy 3) protein catalysts that speed up the various metabolic biological reactions in an orgranism are called 4) Oxidation and reduction reactions are chemical processes that result in a gain or loss in -electrons 5) the specificity of an enzyme is due to its activite
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EXPERIMENT 5 REDOX TITRATION: TITRATION USING SODIUM THIOSULPHATE Objectives 1. 2. To prepare a standard solution of potassium iodate for use to determine the concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution accurately. To acquire the proper techniques of carrying out a titration. Introduction Redox titrations using sodium thiosulphate as a reducing agent is known as iodometric titration since it is used specifically to titrate iodine. The reaction involved is: I2 + 2Na2S2O3 I2 + 2S2O322NaI + Na2S4O6
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Figure 1: Affinity chromatography of fumarase with the Ni2+-NTA-agarose column. Extract (9.9 mL) containing yeast (3.76g) in extraction buffer containing 0.1% Igapel CA-630 and protease inhibitors were pumped through Ni2+-NTA-agarose column. Fractions were collected by 1.5 mL portions by use of wash buffer (20.0 mL)‚ imidazole elution buffer (26.3 mL)‚ and wash buffer (10.0 mL)‚ again. Absorption readings were taken for all fractions with a Cary50 set at 280nm. The fumarase activity was determined
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