color change occurs: Combining chemicals can change the pigmentation that gives the chemicals color. A change in the pigments will cause the light to reflect differently and a color change to occur. Testing for pH is an example of a color changing reaction. The pH of the solution will change the pigment on the litmus paper or in the indicator. Acids and bases change the pigments in different ways‚ which causes the indicator to change different colors depending on the pH. A precipitate is formed:
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Summary for Quiz Monday‚ May 30‚ 2005 12:13 AM Title Identification of Some Macromolecules Gist of Experiment • Use different tests to check for the existence of macromolecules in various substances o Iodine test checks for starch and/or glycogen o Benedict’s test checks for reducing sugars o Biuret test checks for protein Notes on Underlying Theory Introduction • The most abundant elements in living material are: o Carbon
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for subsequent synthesis of carbohydrates in light dependent reactions. The flow of electrons in Photosynthesis [pic] Photosystem: Consists of chlorophyll molecules & accessory pigments e.g. carotenoid accessory pigments trap light energy and pass to the chlorophyll. Results of chromatography: 2. Light independent stage/ carbon fixation/ dark reactions Word Equation: Carbon dioxide + Hydrogen ions ( Carbohydrates + Water ((enzymes) • Site: In
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Ground -appears to be drying oil A single thin layer of ground which to the unaided eye appears as brown‚ but under the microscope it can be seen to consist of a brownish matrix of ochre. The particles are not only charcoal black‚ but multi-coloured pigment particles of lake‚ vermilion‚ smalt‚ azurite‚ malachite and ultramarine. Preliminary drawing and underdrawing There is a drawing on paper once thought to be a sketch for the picture‚ but it’s now presumed to be a drawing afterward but made before
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Experiment 9 Thin Layer Chromatography Experiment: 9 Title: Thin Layer Chromatography Introduction: Chemical analysis is conducted on specific analytes (specific substance of interest in a mixture)‚ however it is often found that these analytes must be separated for the chemical analysis to conduct their analysis. Chromatography is a set up of laboratory a technique that is used to separate a chemical mixture. This technique is very useful as it allows us to follow the course of
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N.S Exam Study Notes • Matter&Material • Matter-everything around you‚ it is anything made of atoms and molecules. It’s anything that has a mass. Matter is related to light and electromagnetic radiation. Usually found in a few forms and it has 5 states- (Solids‚Liquids‚Gases‚Plasmas‚Bose Einstein Condensates) • Mass- It is the amount of material in an object. It is the same on Earth or Mars. It is the amount of matter which an object contains. • Weight- It is how heavy something is. It is a
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Separation of Amino Acids by Paper Chromatography Chromatography is a common technique for separating chemical substances. The prefix “chroma‚” which suggests “color‚” comes from the fact that some of the earliest applications of chromatography were to separate components of the green pigment‚ chlorophyll. You may have already used this method to separate the colored components in ink. In this experiment you will use chromatography to separate and identify amino acids‚ the building blocks of proteins
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Experiments Determination of osmotic potential Use of microscope‚ magnification‚ and measurement of cell size Observation of cells (a) animal cell: cheek cell (b) plant cell: leaf epidermis cell Enzyme activity Separation of photosynthetic pigments using paper chromatography Examining slides of transverse sections of C3 and C4 leaves Use of yeast in respiratory experiment Dissection of the mammalian digestive system Dissection of the mammalian respiratory system Examining slides of transverse sections of
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Yeasty beasties-The effect of reaction rate on yeast fermentation 22. Suck It Up: Capillary Action of Water in Plants- dye in water with white carnations 23. What Color Are the Leaves Really Turning? colors of fall by separating plant pigments with paper chromatography 24. Attack of the Killer Cabbage Clones. How do you clone a plant 25. Can Water Plants Be Used to Determine Water Quality? 26. Are There Bugs Under Your Feet?- numbering the microorganisms in your own yard http://www.all-science-fair-projects
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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Advanced Level * 2 3 0 8 9 6 9 9 7 3 * BIOLOGY Paper 5 Planning‚ Analysis and Evaluation Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number‚ candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black ink. You may use a pencil for any diagrams‚ graphs or rough working. Do not use staples‚ paper clips‚ highlighters
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