NORMAL LEVEL-TWO ULTRASOUND SCAN Ultrasound examination during should include a systematic evaluation of fetal anatomy. Apart from anencephaly‚ the fetal organs cannot be accurately measured before 17-18 weeks of gestation. After 30-35 weeks‚ evaluation becomes increasingly difficult. Hence level-two ultrasound scan is done at 18 to 20 weeks of gestation. CLASSIFICATION OF FETAL SONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONS 1. First-Trimester Ultrasound 2. Standard Second- or Third-Trimester Ultrasound
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provided to authorize the legal practice of sex selection in special cases. The license for sex selection is authorized in particular cases such as; when there is a high risk of the embryo to have a serious gender or non-gender linked genetic‚ chromosomal‚
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simply the abnormalities or negative factors. It can indicate sex‚ hair and eye color‚ temperament‚ strength‚ and other tendencies within the womb. The knowledge of these predispositions can be used to select embryos with certain characteristics. At worst prenatal genetic testing can be used to apply discriminatory selective tactics or a process known as eugenics. Because of this‚ prenatal genetic testing should be limited to testing for diseases‚ birth defects‚ chromosomal abnormalities‚ or genetic
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Cri-du-Chat means "cat’s cry" in French. The disorder causes the baby to produce a high pitched and cat like cry because of the structural abnormality and low muscle tone. It usually becomes less noticeable as the baby gets older‚ making it difficult for doctors to diagnose cri du chat after age two. Type of Genetic Abnormality The syndrome is caused by a deletion on the short arm of chromosome five. A number of genes are missing due to the deletion‚ and each can contribute
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dwarfism‚ primordial dwarfism‚ and Turner syndrome are types of proportionate dwarfism. Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder that impairs embryonic development‚ resulting in abnormalities in bone growth and cartilage development. It is one of a class of illnesses called chondrodystrophies‚ all of which involve cartilage abnormalities and result in short stature. Achondroplasia occurs in all races and with equal frequency in males and females and affects about one in every 40‚000 children. In achondroplasia
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another‚ non-homologous chromosome‚ causing translocation. It may reattach to the original chromosome‚ but in reverse orientation‚ causing inversion. Or‚ it may be treated erroneously as a separate chromosome‚ causing chromosomal duplication. The effect of these genetic abnormalities depends on
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Analysts forecast the Prenatal Testing market in the US to grow at a CAGR of 5.43 percent over the period 2013-2018. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing incidence of fetal health-related abnormalities. The Prenatal Testing market in the US has also been witnessing the significant increase in the launch of new tests. However‚ the falling fertility rates in the US could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. Prenatal Testing Market in the US 2014-2018
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d. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory. Be able to describe‚ apply‚ and give examples. 2. TPrenatal Development and Early Infancy e. The time periods of prenatal development – when they are and what happens. f. Chromosomal and gene linked abnormalities and their impact; who do they affect? g. Prenatal screening and diagnostic tests h. Teratogens: examples‚ critical periods‚ effects i. Infant milestones in gross motor development. j. Infant cognitive
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* Meiosis – cell division for gamete production * In specialized tissues * Produces cells with the 1n chromosome number * Two Divisions * Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes * Meiosis II separates sister chromisis * Asexual Reproduction * Mitotic division * Identical offspring * Sexual Reproduction * Fuse gametes from parents (syngamy) to produce a zygote * Each parent contributes half the genetic material * Increase the diversity of
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Ngo 3 Unfortunately when it comes to the treatments for Cri-Du-Chat Syndrome there is not a specific treatment‚ yet there are many other alternatives. No techniques have yet been discovered to treat these types of large chromosomal abnormalities. Since Cri-Du-Chat’s victims obtain many different characteristics there are specific treatments for each one‚ such as having speech therapy for their severe speech development problems. Early intervention programs where they provide a variety of therapies
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