your chromosomes. To illustrate the tremendous variety possible when you begin to combine genes‚ you and a classmate will establish the genotypes for a potential offspring. Your baby will receive a random combination of genes that each of you‚ as genetic parents‚ will contribute. Each normal human being has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs‚ which we call diploid or 2n) in each body cell. One pair of your chromosomes primarily determines your sex‚ thus‚ this pair is called the sex chromosomes. The
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forming structures called chromosomes. A human somatic (non-sex) cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes. Twenty-two pairs are autosomes‚ which do not differ between the sexes. The autosomes are numbered from 1 to 22‚ with 1 the largest. The other two chromosomes‚ the X and the Y‚ are sex chromosomes. The Y chromosome bears genes that determine maleness. In humans‚ a female has two X chromosomes and a male has one X and one Y. Charts called karyotypes display the chromosome pairs from largest to smallest
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DiGeorge Syndrome: A Study in Chromosomal Errors DiGeorge syndrome is an anomaly that occurs when the 22q11.2 chromosome has been deleted‚ causing many different symptoms in various parts of the body. Those affected by DiGeorge syndrome often display signs of heart disease and defect at birth‚ presence of "cleft" palate (opening in the roof of the mouth)‚ learning disorders‚ autoimmune diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis)‚ hypocalcaemia (low presence of calcium in blood)‚ speech disabilities
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contribute to its determination. There are numerous determinants that control sex determination‚ but the most important are sex chromosomes and environmental factors. Sex chromosomes is the process where either of a pair of chromosomes determine whether an individual is male or female. In humans‚ the sex chromosomes are represented by X and Y and found on chromosomes
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nuclei‚ and there are four daughter cells following cytokinesis; mitosis followed by cytokinesis results in two daughter cells. Following meiosis‚ the four daughter cells are haploid and have half the chromosome number as the parent cell. Following mitosis‚ the daughter cells have the same chromosome number as the parent cell. Following meiosis‚ the daughter cells are genetically dissimilar to each other and to the parent cell. Following mitosis‚ the daughter cells are genetically identical to each
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Name ______________________________________ Virtual Lab Report: Part I Due by: 11:59 PM PST on the second Saturday of class Virtual Lab 1: Virtual Microscopy A. Estimate the size (length and width) of these microscopic objects in micrometers (microns): 1. An E. Coli cell. 3 x 0.6 um =1.8 um 2 A mitochondrion. 4 x 0.8 um = 3.2 um 3. A Red blood cell. 8 um 4. A virus. _Hepatitis 45 nm = .045 um 5. A water molecule. 275 pm =.275 um B. 1 Describe three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
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Section___________________________________ Date_________________ EXERCISE NO. 1a MITOSIS OBJECTIVES The students should be able to: 1. identify the different steps involved in mitosis and meiosis; 2. describe the behavior of the chromosomes during each stage of cell division; 3. identify specific events in mitosis and meiosis that allow the inheritance of traits and generation of variation. MATERIALS A. Microscopic Examination Compound microscope cover slip Prepared
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very unique symptom: a cat-like cry. However‚ this disorder has other names as well‚ such as‚ Cat-Cry Syndrome‚ Chromosome 5p Syndrome‚ 5p Deletion Syndrome‚ Monosomy 5p Syndrome‚ 5p-Syndrome‚ LeJeune’s Syndrome‚ and many more (Kelly‚ 2013). As appropriately named‚ it is a rare genetic disorder caused by a partial deletion of chromosome 5p‚ where the p represents the short arm of chromosome 5. This is caused by the breakage during the making of gametes in males (National Organization for Rare Disorders
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- lack of clotting factor 11 or Hemophilia is inherited Pattern of Inheritance - The genes associated with these conditions are located on the X chromosome‚ which is one of the two sex chromosomes. In males (who have only one X chromosome)‚ one altered copy of the gene in each cell causes the condition. In females (who have two X chromosomes)‚ a mutation would have to occur in both copies of the gene to cause the disorder. What is the role of genetic testing ? - Genetic testing for Hemophilia
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of duplicated chromosomes each having 16 beads. Then we built a duplicate pair to match with each chromatid consisting of only eight beads. The red chromosomes are symbols of being from one parent while the blue from the other parent. Results 5.3 Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis Table 5.3 | Mitosis | Meiosis | 1. Number of divisions | 1 | 2 | 2. Chromosome number in daughter cells | 46 | 23 | Number of daughter cells | 1 | 2 | Discussion The blue chromosomes were inherited
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