Case 5-1 Income Smoothing a. Firstly‚ investors tend to invest in companies with stable earnings rather than one with volatile earnings. With stable earnings‚ there will be more likely an issuance of dividends and investors could easily predict the company’s future earnings compared to one with unstable earnings. With consistent earnings generated‚ it gives investors a secured feeling that it will again generate earnings as predicted. Confidence in the growth of rate of earnings is crucial because
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Income inequality: Causes and Trends The distribution of wealth is extremely unequal in America and the whole world. This paper documents the growing inequality‚ and examines three reasons for its increase. The income growth for top earners is faster than income growth for the poor. This accelerated income growth for top earners would increase the income gap between top earners and the poor. In addition‚ income inequality between the poor and top earners in the US is becoming greater than in other
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Not yet Finish Chapter I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Business is an effort primarily geared to meet the public’s needs at the required time and place and at an equitable price. As we can see nowadays‚ there are many established business industries found in selected areas in Batangas City. New industrial establishments and service industries are being constructed to serve the public. Today‚ one of the known business industries in Batangas City is gasoline stations. Popular
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distribution of income is to achieve economic equality‚ which is to give every citizen the opportunity of earning a decent living. However‚ our current system’s inability to better allocate the resources we have at our disposal has widened the gap between the wealthy and the poor especially during the past 20 years. The primary benefit of the distribution of income is to transfer wealth‚ with the help of the government‚ to those who are less fortunate. The current distribution of income is a cost to
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Lecture No. 5 CLASSIFICATION OF FLUID FLOW AND THE CONTINUITY EQUATION 5.1 Classification of Fluid Flow Uniform flow If the velocity of the fluid is the same in magnitude and direction at every point in the fluid the flow is said to be uniform. Non-uniform flow A non-uniform flow is one where the velocities at different points at a given instant are not the same. Every fluid that flows near a solid boundary will be non-uniform because the fluid at the boundary takes the velocity of the
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NATION’S INCOME PART 1: MULTIPLE CHOICES: 1. Macroeconomists study a. decisions of households and firms. b. the interaction of households and firms. c. economy-wide phenomena. d. regulations on firms and unions. 2. Which of the following questions is more likely to be studied by a microeconomist than a macroeconomist? a. Why do prices in general rise by more in some countries than in others? b. Why do wages differ across industries? c. Why do production and income increase
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Income Elasticity of Demand Income elasticity of demand may be defined as the ratio or proportionate change in the quantity demanded of a commodity to a given proportionate change in the income. In short‚ it indicates the extent to which demand changes with a variation in consumer’s income. Practical application of income elasticity of demand 1. Helps in determining the rate of growth of the firm. If the growth rate of the economy and income growth of the people is reasonably forecasted‚ in that
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FLOW CHART A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm or process‚ showing the steps as boxes of various kinds‚ and their order by connecting them with arrows. This diagrammatic representation illustrates a solution to a given problem. Process operations are represented in these boxes‚ and arrows; rather‚ they are implied by the sequencing of operations. Flowcharts are used in analyzing‚ designing‚ documenting or managing a process or program in various fields. Symbol | Name
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National income‚ by itself‚ doesn’t tell us very much about the standard of living in a country. The national income of India exceeds that of Canada but no on would claim that India was a better place to live for the typical member of the population. India’s is higher simply because the population is 1.2 billion‚ there is enormous public-sector spending and high inward investment because of high interest rates and so on. What is more important is national income per head of the population.
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1. (a) If a household earns £200 a week and spends £150 each week on domestically produced goods and services‚ how much does it withdraw from the circular flow? £50 (b) What forms will these withdrawals take? Saving‚ taxes‚ expenditure on imports (c) Assume that total household incomes rise from £500bn to £550bn. Assume that this results in the consumption of domestically produced goods and services rising from £450bn to £490bn. What is the mpcd?
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