fossil fuels for things like electricity‚ heating and transportation. A carbon footprint is made up of the sum of two parts‚ the primary footprint and the secondary footprint. The primary footprint is a measure of our direct emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the burning of fossil fuels. These fossil fuels are coal‚ oil and natural gas‚ they are all non-renewable and currently running out. Some estimates suggest that if we continue to use them at the rate we are currently doing there could be approximately
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cycles to feed. I explained to him how plants use photosynthesis and respiration to produce sugars for food then releasing the used energy into our atmosphere. Four main factors needed to produce these processes are sunlight‚ oxygen‚ carbon dioxide‚ and water. I would explain to Van Helmont that under a microscope plants have cells that have tiny green pigments that contain chloroplast where all of the chemical reactions are computed. In photosynthesis a plant takes in carbon dioxide‚ water‚ and sunlight
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no growth. 2. How does increasing light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis? Light intensity is a factor which can limit the rate of photosynthesis because if the light intensity is increased the rate of photosynthesis increases. However‚ at higher light intensities‚ the rate of photosynthesis will level off. 3. Describe the process of photorespiration. What is its effect on the rate of photosynthesis? Photorespiration is the process of combining PGA and glycolate to make
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Electron Carriers i. Oxidizing Agents: are REDUCED to OXIDIZE another molecule 1. NAD+ - oxidizes glucose to 2 pyruvate in glycolysis‚ oxidizes pyruvate to CO2 in the Kreb’s cycle (gets reduced to NADH) 2. NADP+- oxidizes H2O to O2 during the Light Dependent Reactions of photosynthesis‚ final electron acceptor from chlorophyll (PSI) (gets reduced to NADPH) 3. FAD+- oxidizes NADH to NAD during glycolysis and transported to the mitochondrion (gets reduced
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Chapter 18 1 Takusagawa’s Note© Chapter 18: Photosynthesis 1. CHLOROPLASTS - Photosynthesis is carried out at chloroplasts. Structure of chloroplast Outer membrane Stroma lamellae Inner membrane Thylakoid Chloroplast Granum Dark reaction Stroma Light reaction - Composition of innermembrane and granum membrane are unusual. - Phospholipid (negatively charged) ~10% - Neutral lipid (galactose) ~80% Photosynthesis occurs in two distinct phases: 1. Light reactions --- Generates
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Here‚ CO2 is fixed from the air and converted into starches and sugars using NADPH and ATP to power the conversion. Light Reaction (involves the sun) The roots suck up water from the ground‚ into the chloroplasts. In there‚ the water is sun-heated and gets split into hydrogen‚ oxygen and ATP. The oxygen then gets released for us to breath and the hydrogen is put to a different part of the leaf. Dark Reaction (doesn’t involve the sun) After the hydrogen gets to the other part of the leaf‚ the CO2 (carbon
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electricity 3. Picture. 4. Oxygen Cycle a. Step one i. Plants release oxygen into the atmosphere as a by-product of photosynthesis b. Photosynthesis c. Definition- The process in which green plants use the energy from the sun to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll 5. Steps to the photonthesis a. Planets pull the carbon off the CO2 and use the carbon in glucose. The plants do not need the oxygen for this because they get it from the water. b. Plants
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with a concomitant generation of high transfer potential electrons in a series of reactions called citric acid cycle‚ tricarboxylic acid cycle‚ or Krebs cycle (Tymoczko‚ p. 318); the acetyl groups are fed into the citric cycle which are oxidized to CO2 and the energy released in conserved reduced electron carriers- NADH and FADH; the high transfer potential electrons transferred to oxygen to form water in a series of oxidation-reduction reactions called oxidative phosphorylation (Tymoczko‚ p. 318)
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converted into starch and stored. Oxygen is produced as a by-product. This process is called photosynthesis. Temperature‚ carbon dioxide concentration and light intensity are factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis. Plants also need mineral ions‚ including nitrate and magnesium‚ for healthy growth. They suffer from poor growth in conditions where mineral ions are deficient. Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the chemical change which happens in the leaves of green plants. It is the first step
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dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere every year – 29 billion tonnes of it (2004) and rising – and this causes the temperature to increase. Source: http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/aboutcc/problems/rising_temperatures/ What causes the Earth’s climate to change? Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that absorbs energy from the Sun and then releases it back into the atmosphere. This process keeps the Earth warm. Throughout most of the past 425‚000 years the concentration of CO2 has ranged
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