An In-Depth Look at Portal Hypertension Portal Hypertension (PH) is an increase in the pressure within the portal venous system. The portal venous system is a network of veins that carry blood from the digestive organs to the liver. The most common cause of PH is cirrhosis of the liver. Cirrhosis is an advanced stage of liver scarring called fibrosis. This impedes the liver’s ability to function. PH caused by cirrhosis can often lead to the restored patency of a certain ligament of the liver called
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improving the quality of milk and milk products‚ a number of different enzymes from microbial as well as from non-microbial sources have potential applications in dairy processing. The most obvious use of enzymes action in dairy industry is the coagulation of milk by chymosin‚ yet there are many other
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The cardiovascular system consists of the heart‚ blood vessels‚ and blood. This system has three main functions: Transport of nutrients‚ oxygen‚ and hormones to cells throughout the body and removal of metabolic wastes (carbon dioxide‚ nitrogenous wastes). Atria: Ventricles: In a four-chambered heart‚ such as that in humans‚ there are two ventricles that operate in a double circulatory system: the right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation to the lungs‚ and the left ventricle pumps
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more than 200‚000 deaths annually. Sepsis is a complex condition that results from an infectious process that represents the body’s response to infection and involves systemic inflammatory and cellular events that result in altered circulation and coagulation‚ endothelial dysfunction and impaired tissue perfusion (Kleinpell‚ 2005). Associated mortality rates with sepsis in the United States have remained largely unchanged for several decades. Through an international collaboration known as the Surviving
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The Filoviridae family of viruses is where the Ebola virus belongs. The virus is distinguished by long filamentous structure which can present as straight‚ branched‚ and circular or a folded strand with a uniform diameter of approximately 80 nm but can be many different lengths. Liver cells‚ neutrophils‚ endothelial cells and macrophages are specifically targeted by the virus. Large quantities of cytokines are created by infected cells which solicits a large response from the immune system and interrupts
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What is Dengue fever? Dengue fever (pronounced Den-gay) is a viral infection caused by the female mosquito (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus). Dengue fever occurs in tropical and sub-tropical regions and usually increases in the hot and humid months. Dengue fever is not a new disease. It was discovered several hundred years ago. In recent years‚ dengue fever has become a major international public health concern. Dengue fever nicknamed "breakbone fever" because dengue patients usually express
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3: implications with rational for the following (related to Adi) - pain - dehydration - temperature Practise exam Case study 1 Adi: Adi is a 22 year old woman who was on holiday camping when she noticed a blister on her right ankle. She covered it with waterproof plaster so that she was able to swim in the lake. Over a two day period the blister became increasingly reddened and swollen. After becoming increasingly unwell Adi presents at the emergency department distressed‚ pale‚ shivering
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by Flemish nuns. It remained largely obscure until 1989 when several widely publicized outbreaks occurred among monkeys in the United States. The virus interferes with the endothelial cells lining the interior surface of blood vessels and with coagulation. As the blood vessel walls become damaged and destroyed‚ the platelets are unable to coagulate‚ patients succumb to hypovolemic shock. Ebola is transmitted through bodily fluids‚ while conjunctiva exposure may also lead to transmission. There are
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Lab 2 – Water Quality and Contamination Experiment 1: Effects of Groundwater Contamination Table 1: Water Observations (Smell‚ Color‚ Etc.) Beaker Observations 1 This beaker has water only‚ clear with no smell 2 I mixed oil in the water‚ the oil then started to settle at the top of the water. (oil is not a soluble) 3 Beaker contained vinegar and water‚ the water got a little cloudy and the vinegar smell is very strong. 4 The water and laundry detergent mix had a soapy look to it‚ water also
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Water is never ’pure’ in a chemical sense. It contains various kinds of impurities such as dust particles‚ dissolved gases‚ dissolved minerals‚ microscopic paints and animals‚ suspended impurities and bacteria. These are natural impurities derived from the atmosphere‚ catchments area and soil. Besides this‚ there are various other reasons by which water i9 polluted. The upland surface water derives its impurities from the catchments area‚ the sources being human habitations and animal keeping
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