produced in glycolysis to make 2 ATPs per glucose and energy. This occurs through the oxidation of a pyruvate‚ wherein one of the three carbons will bond to oxygen and leave the cell as carbon dioxide (CO2)‚ leaving a two-carbon molecule called acetyl coenzyme A.
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Water Soluble Vitamins and Fat SCI/241 Water Soluble Vitamins and Fat The human body requires a large number of vitamins for a number of functions to keep the body alive and running properly. Vitamin D helps balancing hormones and Vitamin C helps with chemical reactions in the human body. Fat-soluble Vitamins and High Nutrient Sources The fat-soluble vitamins consist of A‚ D‚ E‚ and K; they are found in a variety of foods. Vitamin A | Celery‚ basil‚ chili pepper‚ mixed vegetables‚
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Glycolysis Glucose cannot be used as directly by cell as a source of energy so cells use ATP as their immediate source of energy. * This conversion of glucose into ATP takes place during cellular respiration and there are 2 different forms of cellular respiration depending upon whether oxygen is available or not * Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces CO2‚ water and lots of ATP. * Aerobic has 4 stages: 1) Glycolysis – the splitting of the 6-carbon glucose molecule into
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Calculate the shear stress τ and the angle of twist ɸ (in degrees) for a steel tube (G =76 GPa) having the cross section shown in figure Q9. The tube has length L = 1.5 m and is subjected to a torque T =10 KN m. Figure Q9 SOLUTION Steel tube Q10. A thin tubular shaft of circular cross section(see
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Citric Acid Cycle Take Place? In eukaryotes‚ the cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix. Features of Citric Acid Cycle • Pyruvate produced by glycolysis is transformed by oxidative decarboxylation into acetyl-CoA in the presence of coenzyme A. • Acetyl-CoA enters citric acid cycle by react with oxaloacetate to produce citrate. • The reactions of the citric acid cycle include two other oxidative decarboxylation‚ which transform citrate into succinate. • The cycle is complete by regenaration
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The Krebs cycle begins with the conversion of pyruvate acid into Acetyl-Coenzyme A (Acetyl CoA)‚ which occurs when the two-pyruvate molecules (produced by Glycolysis) cross over the Mitochondrial membrane‚ generating two NADH molecules. The Acetyl CoA molecules are used in the first step of the Krebs cycle. The acetyl group then
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(4) uses of energy in biological processes (B); active transport; muscle contraction; nerve transmission; synthesis; translocation; nitrogen fixation; receptors ENERGY TRANSFERS WHICH TAKE PLACE INSIDE LIVING ORGANISMS Living organisms including all plants and animals require energy for their cellular processes. In biological processes‚ the immediate energy source is often in the form adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The nucleotide ATP maintains both catabolic and anabolic reactions. An example of
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contain beta-carotene (see ‚ thiamin thiamin or vitamin B1 Organic compound‚ part of the vitamin B complex‚ necessary in carbohydrate metabolism. It carries out these functions in its active form‚ as a component of the coenzyme thiamin pyrophosphate. ‚ niacin niacin: see coenzyme; vitamin. niacin or nicotinic acid or
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7 common headaches and their causes Headaches can often be more than a pain‚ making it hard to concentrate on anything but the pounding‚ throbbing‚ or dull ache inside your head. What kind of headaches do you suffer from and what causes them? We asked Dr. Elizabeth Loder‚ chief of the Division of Headache and Pain in the Department of Neurology at Brigham and Women’s Hospital‚ to dissect seven common headache scenarios and their triggers... Hangover headache "The cause of these headaches
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