Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) was born into one of the wealthiest families of the Austro- Hungarian Empire. His father‚ owner of much of Austria’s iron and steel industry‚ encouraged him to study engineering in Berlin and Manchester but‚ during his studies‚ Wittgenstein wrestled with Philosophical questions and soon sought out Bertrand Russell‚ who was lecturing in Philosophy at Cambridge University. Wittgenstein quickly became Russell’s favourite pupil; in fact he was considered by Russell to
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Rene Descartes Rene Descartes was born March 31‚ 1596 in La Haye‚ Touraine. Descartes was the son of a minor nobleman and belonged to a family that had produced a number of learned men. At the age of eight‚ he was enrolled in the Jesuit school of La Fleche in Anjou‚ where he remained for eight years. Besides the usual classical studies‚ he received instruction in math and in Scholastic philosophy. Roman Catholicism exerted a strong influence on Descartes throughout his life. Upon graduation
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Liz Johnson December 12‚ 2012 Kant and Descartes “Idealism is the assertion there are none but thinking thing beings. All other things‚ which we believe are perceived in intuitions‚ are nothing but presentations in the thinking things‚ to which no object external to them in fact corresponds. Everything we see is just a construction of the mind.” (Prolegomena). Idealism maintains that there are no objects in the world‚ only minds. According to idealism‚ the existence of outer objects is
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Linda Hyatt Professor Kelley PHIL101 30 November 2014 Descartes Project Descartes was a well-known French philosopher‚ some would say a scientist‚ others a mathematician. Truth was he was really a little of each‚ however the things he is known most for is being the doubter. Descartes used the method of doubt to defeat skepticism on its very own turf. During this essay I will be explaining the process by which Descartes uses skepticism to refute skepticism‚ the first principles he was lead to‚ and
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Scientific Revolution Aristotle and Claudius Ptolemy 16th century science was based on their conclusions Geocentric model: Earth is motion less other planets revolve around it Epicycles- Plotlemy’s idea circles within circles Crystalline spheres: heavens are made of a weightless substance allowing them to move Medieval thinkiners used Aristotle and Ptolemy ideology into a Christian framework Thomas Aquinas uses Unmoved Mover concept to confirm G-d’s existence Medieval thinkers believed their hypothesis
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modern psychology. He introduced new theories about the mind and the body that‚ while not always correct‚ undoubtedly changed peoples’ views and sparked a whole new approach to looking at the mind. There is one thing Descartes knew for certain‚ Cogito ergo sum‚ or “I think therefore I am.” He said that the one thing he could be sure of was his act of doubting‚ which he explained as a mental process. This philosophy gave rise to much of his theories on the mind. During the 1600’s most people
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Mathematics is the Sphere of Life All is Numbers‚ is still echoing from the walls of the White City‚ when once the great Pythagoras said it on an early sunny morning to his disciples. No great discoveries in history every made‚ without the intervention of this mystical ray we call Mathematics. Einstein in his general relativity theory‚ to prove that the path of a ray of light‚ in the presence of a gravitational field‚ is curved and never straight used intensely the non-Euclidean geometry
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Cartesian Method A.) Cartesian doubt Cartesian doubt is a form of methodological skepticism associated with the writings and methodology of René Descartes. Cartesian doubt is also known as Cartesian skepticism‚ methodic doubt‚ methodological skepticism‚ or hyperbolic doubt. Cartesian doubt is a systematic process of being skeptical about (or doubting) the truth of one’s beliefs‚ which has become a characteristic method in philosophy. This method of doubt was largely popularized in Western philosophy
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theories and reasons. Descartes‚ Kant‚ and Hume are all important players in the world of philosophy‚ but according to other philosophers‚ so is God. Rene Descartes‚ a noted French philosopher‚ scientist‚ and mathematician‚ coined the Latin phrase "Cogito ergo sum" (I think‚ therefore I am). He "refused to accept the scholastic and Aristotelian traditions that had dominated philosophical thought throughout the medieval period" (www.iep.utm.edu). He frequently contrasted his views with those of his
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cannot understand if he first does not believe in divination divinity. The existence of the self lends to the existence of God because of truths discovered through inner experiences of being and thinking‚ which may have influenced Descartes’ truth in Cogito Ergo Sum. Boethius (c. 475-526 AD)‚ a former senator and top-level assistant turned persona non grata‚ developed proof of the problem of divine foreknowledge as the concern that human freedom doesn’t truly exist due to God’s foreknowledge through
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