Cognitive dissonance Cognitive dissonance is the term used in modern psychology to describe the state of people when holding two or more conflicting cognitions (e.g.‚ ideas‚ beliefs‚ values‚ emotional reactions) simultaneously. In a state of dissonance‚ people may sometimes feel surprise‚ dread‚ guilt‚ anger‚ or embarrassment.[1] The theory of cognitive dissonance in social psychology proposes that people have a motivational drive to reduce dissonance by altering existing cognitions‚ adding new
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Introduction: The word attitude is an expression of favor or disfavor toward a person‚ place‚ thing‚ or event. Prominent psychologist Gordon Allport (1935) once described attitude “the most distinctive and indispensable concept in contemporary psychology”. The words attitude and persuasion are often found together‚ as in the phrase persuasion and attitude change. Persuasion is an attempt to change people ’s attitudes. For example‚ advertisers try to persuade potential customers to buy a product
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2 Components of Motivation At the end of this chapter‚ students should be able to: 1) Explain the biology components of motivation 2) Explain the learning components of motivation 3) Explain the cognitive components of motivation 4) Distinguish between the biological‚ learning‚ and cognitive components of motivation. BIOLOGICAL COMPONENT A) Origins of Human Brain Design • Based on the assumption that the human community today is the result of years of evolution‚ where we are
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theory of cognitive dissonance posits that when an individual ’s cognitive elements are inconsistent with each other‚ a state of cognitive dissonance exists [15‚ 27]. Also‚ it is assumed that when such a condition is present an individual develops a need to restore equilibrium [15‚ 27]. Dissonance may be aroused from various sources: decision making‚ forced compliance‚ exposure to dissonant information‚ and disagreement with others [15]. When an individual is confronted with cognitive dissonance
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Self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes it to become true‚ due to positive feedback between belief and behavior. In other words‚ a positive or negative prophecy‚ strongly held belief or delusion may sufficiently influence people so that their reactions ultimately fulfill the once-false prophecy. As per Self-fulfilling prophecy the negative fear‚ anxiety about a possible negative event in the future may increase the likelihood of the event actually happening. Similarly
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attempt to decide whether individuals induce their attitudes as observers without accessing their internal states‚ Bem used interpersonal simulations‚ in which an “observer-participant” is given a detailed description of one condition of a cognitive dissonance experiment. Subjects listened to a tape of a man enthusiastically describing a tedious peg-turning task. Some subjects were told that the man had been paid $20 for his testimonial and another group was told that he was paid $1. Those in the
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Thøgersen (2000) – Psychological determinants of paying attention to eco-labels in purchase decisions!......................................................................................................................................!3! 2.2 Cognitive dissonance and Attitudes!..................................................................................................!4! 2.3 New model and Research Question!......................................................................................
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1. Cognitive dissonance is a state where someone is being confronted by something that is against his beliefs (doing an action that he / she does not like‚ etc.)‚ and then he / she tries to balance the inconsistency that he experienced by changing his view on that inconsistency (to reduce the dissonance by justifying it). People want to be consistent in their attitudes and rationalizing irrational things that they did is what cognitive dissonance makes them do. For example‚ in Festinger’s experiments
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After the purchase‚ the customer might experience dissonance about their purchase. The term ‘cognitive dissonance’ is to present that consumer are having discomfort or dissonance about the product that had been purchased. An example of cognitive dissonance is when a consumer might feel compelled to question whether he or she has made the right purchase decision. The dissatisfaction of the performance of Xiaomi Mi 4 is the cognitive dissonance. If the consumer is having dissatisfaction after purchasing
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Bibliography: gdyer17. (2012‚ November 04). OtherPapers: Other Term Papers and free Essays. Retrieved November 04‚ 2012‚ from http://www.otherpapers.com/Business/Case-Study-%E2%80%93-Listo-Systems/36503.html Pierocerbar May 10‚ 2014 Cognitive Dissonance
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