Based on: Laliberte (2005) A (VERY) BRIEF HISTORY OF LEARNING THEORY Learning as a Black Box So what’s happening inside the box? A Superficial Review Behaviourism Cognitivism Social Learning Theory Social Constructivism Multiple Intelligences Brain-Based Learning Behaviourism Learning is defined by the outward expression of new behaviors Focuses solely on observable behaviors A biological basis for learning Learning is context-independent Classical & Operant Conditioning
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Cognitive Dissonance theory Core Assumptions and Statements Cognitive dissonance is a communication theory adopted from social psychology. The title gives the concept: cognitive is thinking or the mind; and dissonance is inconsistency or conflict. Cognitive dissonance is the psychological conflict from holding two or more incompatible beliefs simultaneously. Cognitive dissonance is a relatively straightforward social psychology theory that has enjoyed wide acceptance in a variety of disciplines
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Research Methods Social Learning theory Social Learning Theory The Social Learning Theory states: by combining variables that can encourage delinquency‚ deviant behavior can be exhibited. When you break up social learning‚ social means the interaction of organisms or humans with other humans. Learning is when you can acquire new or existing knowledge‚ behaviors‚ skills‚ values‚ or preferences. In the Social Learning Theory‚ Ronald Akers and Robert Burgess use Edwin Sutherland’s “Differential
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stimulus-response connections with the introduction of the theory of learning. The premise of Thorndike’s research implied that rewards and punishment have distinct yet an equal impact on human behaviors. However‚ one of the more well-known learning theorists in modern times is B.F. Skinner‚ who shares comparable behavioral observation as Thorndike‚ in that behaviors are learned as a consequence of actions. Further testing of this theory‚ Skinner developed the prominently distinguished Skinner box
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HOW IMPORTANT ARE MENTAL REPRESENTATIONS IN COGNITIVE THEORIES? How the world around us is represented mentally is the corner stone of cognitive architectures. It facilitates understanding of information received and perceived from our environment. The storage and retrieval of knowledge would be impossible without mental representations. Mental representations are the way in which we create copies’ of the real things around us‚ which we perceive. A description of a representation is a symbol
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Bandura and Social Learning Theory "Do as I say‚ not as I do." The quote is one of the most famous adages of all time. After all‚ mom is always right. Then how is it that many professionals disagree with such a classic phrase? Scientific evidence. Through years of research‚ world-renowned psychologist Albert Bandura created an entirely new field of psychology based on a fairly simple idea: humans learn by observation. Born on December 4‚ 1925‚ in the small town of Mundare in northern Alberta‚ Canada
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Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM Introduction A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment. Some patients go to a hospital just for diagnosis‚ treatment‚ or therapy and then leave (’outpatients’) without staying overnight; while others are ’admitted’ and stay overnight or for several days or weeks or months (’inpatients’). Majority of our hospitals‚ one does not need to be a keen observer in assessing the conditions of these hospitals. Most of the
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(Cognition). Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental theory was a unique concept at the time of its inception. It was the first in depth theory on the subject and remained the standard of the field for quite some time. Throughout this paper‚ Piaget’s theory will be broken down into its four stages and each will be thoroughly detailed. It is the goal of this paper to see how well Piaget’s ideas withstood the test of time and see what improvements can be made to the existing theory. Piaget suggested that
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“Social learning theorists argue that people are not born with the ability to act violently; rather‚ they learn to be aggressive through their life experiences” (Siegel‚ 2007‚ p. 121). In my opinion‚ the Department of Job and Family Services interpreted the theory properly. It is very possible that children are a product of their environment. Under the social learning theory‚ “people learn to act aggressively when‚ as children‚ they model their
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question throughout the years but we know that in order for social learning theory to take place a few characteristics must be in place. The main idea of this theory states that people develop a motivation to commit a crime and that the skills are learned through the people they associate with. Social learning theory suggests that “criminal behavior is learned through interaction with other persons.” (Cullen et al‚ pg 127) This theory says that people engage in criminal behavior the same way that they
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