Bibliography: Corey‚ G. (1995). Theory and Practice of Group Counselling. Brooks/Cole. Liese‚ B.‚ Navajits‚ L. (1997). Cognitive and Behavioural Therapies. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. Liese‚ B.‚ Beck‚ A.‚ Seaton‚ K. (2002). The Cognitive Therapy Addictions Group. New York: Haworth Medical Press. Miller‚ W.‚ Rollnick‚ S. (1991). Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People to Change Addictive Behaviour. New York: Guilford Press
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influential theories on cognitive development comes from Jean Piaget‚ a Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher. To Piaget‚ cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and environmental experience. His ideas have generated a lot of research into cognitive development which has significantly improved our understanding on the topic. He is well-known for his studies with children and his theory that cognitive capabilities shown
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SOCIAL COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORIES Social Cognitive views have been influenced by the humanist idea of uniqueness of human beings‚ that human beings are decision makers‚ planners and evaluators of behavior. Key Concepts: Social cognitive learning theorists emphasize the importance of both the influences of other people’s behavior and of a person’s own expectancies on learning‚ and also that observational learning‚ modeling can lead to the formation of patterns of personality. Thought and
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Our judgement is affected by cognitive biases‚ “a cognitive bias refers to systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgement‚ whereby inferences about other people and situations may be drawn in an illogical fashion” (Wikipedia‚ 2016). In simpler terms cognitive biases are natural ways our brains work that causes distortions or errors in thought or judgement. There are multiple types of cognitive biases‚ three examples I have experienced are confirmation bias‚ representativeness
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College counseling services‚ private practice‚ pastoral care‚ and counseling contexts that include lay counseling. Tan (2007) explains the eight key features of the Biblical and Christian Approach to Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. Tan (2007) also explains that the Biblical and Christian Approach to Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy requires the use of professional integration into the therapy of either Implicit Integration or Explicit Integration. According to Tan‚ (2007)‚ “both implicit and explicit integration
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The cognitive dissonance theory states that if there is a discrepancy – an aversive emotional state – between our beliefs and behaviors‚ we are likely to experience inconsistency between these two cognitions. For instance‚ if you smoke‚ despite knowing that smoking is harmful‚ then this may result in cognitive dissonance. Furthermore‚ the college students who put themselves through hazing to join a fraternity could be another example. These students also most likely to experience cognitive dissonance
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Understanding Cognitive Development Cognitive development is something that seems to be very easily to understand‚ but it can be confusing when looking all everyone that has made up the cognitive development. When someone gets their research done and understand what each child needs and how they need to learn it‚ it can be easier for the teachers‚ parents‚ and children. Piaget According to McLeod‚ Piaget was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. His contributions
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approaches were reviewed to gain an understanding of a child’s physical‚ cognitive‚ and psychosocial development during this age period. Piaget’s preoperational stage‚ Erikson’s initiative versus guilt phase and Freud’s phallic stage all occur during this time frame. Although these theories emphasize on a specific domain of human development‚ similarities and differences are present between the three. According to Piaget’s cognitive development theory‚ children from the ages of two through seven progress
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Cognitive Dissonance is a psychological discomfort caused by inconsistency among a person’s belief‚ attitudes‚ and or actions. There are three hypotheses that explain the theory. The first hypothesis is selective exposure which is the tendency to avoid information inconsistent with one’s belief and attitudes. One only accepts information that is consistent with their own thoughts. Hypothesis two is post-decision dissonance; which are close call decisions and can affect a decision one makes. And
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Cognitive Learning Theory Angela Baker PSY 331 Mr. Domingo Mamaril June 21‚ 2010 Cognitive Learning Theory Cognitive theorists try to explain human behavior by understanding how we process and store new information. The cognitive theories of learning originated from the gestalt theory. The three major contributors to the cognitive learning theories were Jean Piaget‚ Edward Tolman‚ and Albert Bandura. In this paper‚ I will evaluate the work of all three theorists‚ demonstrate an understanding
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