Cognitive Dissonance is a psychological discomfort caused by inconsistency among a person’s belief‚ attitudes‚ and or actions. There are three hypotheses that explain the theory. The first hypothesis is selective exposure which is the tendency to avoid information inconsistent with one’s belief and attitudes. One only accepts information that is consistent with their own thoughts. Hypothesis two is post-decision dissonance; which are close call decisions and can affect a decision one makes. And
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influential theories on cognitive development comes from Jean Piaget‚ a Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher. To Piaget‚ cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and environmental experience. His ideas have generated a lot of research into cognitive development which has significantly improved our understanding on the topic. He is well-known for his studies with children and his theory that cognitive capabilities shown
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day-today life are often influenced by biases that one is completely unaware of. Biases are the annoying glitches in our thinking that makes us arrive at questionable decisions and make erroneous conclusions. Cognitive biases also known as Decision biases are “Ways of thinking or a thought process that produces errors in judgment or decision making‚ or at least departures from the use of normative rules or standards” (Gilovich and Griffin 2002). It is a systematic pattern that deviates from the normal
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An example of the effect of social or cultural factors on one cognitive process is the effect of schema on memory. Schemas are mental representations of categories from our knowledge‚ expectations‚ and beliefs. Any information that people are exposed to is affected by the society and culture that they are in‚ and schemas are influenced by external factors‚ which then affects what’s stored in our memory process. Our memory content opens a window through which we can observe the cultural influences
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The Social Cognitive Perspective The Social Cognitive Perspective is a psychological theory on personality founded by Albert Bandura that paved the way for Behaviorism. In short‚ the perspective basically states that we learn by observing others or conditioning and model our behaviors after those situations. Mental processes are also emphasized in this theory‚ hence the “cognitive” aspect. Bandura’s perspective focuses on how we interact with our environments and the events we experience. Several
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Theory Paper on Cognitive Dissonance Theory “Sometimes people hold a core belief that is very strong. When they are presented with evidence that works against that belief‚ the new evidence cannot be accepted. It would create a feeling that is extremely uncomfortable‚ called cognitive dissonance. And because it is so important to protect the core belief‚ they will rationalize‚ ignore and even deny anything that doesn ’t fit in with the core belief.” ― Frantz Fanon‚ Black Skin‚ White
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Breanna Economos Mr. Van Nostrand Dress Codes and Uniforms in School The primary purpose of schools is to teach; however‚ students cannot learn unless they feel safe. The first notable instance of any public school making it essential for students to wear school uniforms was in the late 90s. Uniforms were introduced in the United States around 1979 due to the violence that was being presented in schools. President Clinton wanted to stop the gang war problems; therefore‚ the uniform
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Behaviourism VS Cognitive This assignment will critically analyse two of the core approaches in psychology- Behaviourism versus the Cognitive approach. Behaviourists believe that all behaviours are gained through conditioning; conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. Behaviourists say our responses to environmental stimuli shape our behaviour. If the environment surrounding us is altered- our thoughts‚ behaviour and feelings are also altered. Cognitive psychologists study
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In the Name of God Subject: An Introduction to Educational Psychology: Behaviourism & Cognitive Psychology March 6th‚ 2014 1.1 Introduction First chapter provide a brief introduction to: 1. The discipline of educational psychology 2. Important influences on the development of psychological ideas and theories related to the process of education 3. And finally relevance of these ideas to teaching and learning a foreign language 1.2 Educational Psychology Kaplan (1990) describes
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Billy Mpoyi Professor Merkner English 2030 May 1‚ 2017 Mindfulness & Cognitive Therapy ABSTRACT Mindfulness cognitive therapy is an 8-week group therapy program created to help patients handle mental illnesses such as: depression‚ anxiety‚ and such. Research has shown it to be effective in relieving depression and putting a stop to a relapse. Patients are expected to perform extensive assignments at home‚ on top of their group therapy. This type of program offers many benefits in relieving symptoms
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