In the study of learning‚ learning theories are categorized into paradigms or schools of thought based on viewpoints shared by scientists that provide a framework for research. Three of the major paradigms of learning theories include the cognitive paradigm‚ the neurophysiological paradigm and the evolutionary paradigm. The first paradigm is referred to as cognitive because theorists place their emphasis on the cognitive nature of learning. According to Hergenhahn and Olson (2005)‚ the second paradigm
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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) describes Schizophrenia as a severe and conceivably disabling cognitive disorder (APA‚ 2013). With a known heritable component‚ Schizophrenia is most likely to have notable development during young adulthood and is symptomatically evident by periods of remission and relapse throughout the individual’s lifespan (APA‚ 2013). During the relapse episodes that are experienced‚ a manifestation of symptoms include several deficits in reality
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Theories of Counseling: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Jennifer Z Lewis Liberty University Abstract Cognitive behavioral therapy is a form of treatment that helps clients detect and change dysfunctional and false thought and behavioral patterns through restructuring of their thought process. Cognitive behavioral therapy has shown to be effective with many areas of mental distress including depression‚ anxiety‚ eating disorders‚ and substance abuse. Cognitive behavioral therapy has three main founders:
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THEORY OF RASA RASA (AESTHETICS) A rasa (Sanskrit: रस lit. ’juice ’ or ’essence ’) denotes an essential mental state and is the dominant emotional theme of a work of art or the primary feeling that is evoked in the person that views‚ reads or hears such a work. Although the concept of rasa is fundamental to many forms of Indian art including dance‚ music‚ musical theatre‚ cinema and literature‚ the treatment‚ interpretation‚ usage and actual performance of a particular rasa differs greatly
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and social-economic factors. Question 2: Explain the increase in obesity rates from the viewpoints of two different theories of health related behavior.
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This is known as the guideline of intellectual consistency. Festinger quotes‚ "Cognitive dissonance can be seen as an antecedent condition which leads to activity oriented toward dissonance reduction just as hunger leads toward activity oriented toward hunger reduction” (Festinger‚ 1957). The cognitive dissonance theory there is a predisposition for people to look for consistency among their perceptions. At the point when there is an irregularity
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TRANSACTIONAL & TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP Burns Theory of Transformational & Transactional Leadership The idea of transformational leadership between leaders and followers was first developed by James McGregor Burns in 1978. He distinguishes between leaders who are‚ or attempt to be ethical and moral‚ and "power wielders‚" who are not. In an essay 20 years later‚ Burns returns to this idea‚ arguing that: - Transactional leaders‚ through their transactions‚ make use of "modal values
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The instrument used for the data collection in this study is “Transactional Styles Inventory – Managers (TSI - M)” It helps the respondents examine their interaction and transactional styles. Transactional Analysis concepts are quite popular and two basic concepts can be used to understand interaction styles‚ the Ego States and the Existential positions. Transactional Analysis (TA)‚ originated and developed by Eric Berne‚ is a new theory of personality structure and a method of treatment through which
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Cognitive development starts from the age of infancy and continues through the period of adolescence and on to adulthood. The basic components of cognitive development are mental processes; memory‚ critical thinking/ problem solving‚ categorization‚ language‚ and creativity‚ all of which are formed in the youngest years of a child’s life (Wells‚ Encyclopedia of Children’s Health). Jean Piaget originated and based his work in Switzerland. He had a PhD in Zoology‚ which he used to develop a biologically
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Yuan Ye (Carol) IBT07148 Transactional and Transformational Leadership [pic][pic] To: Nour Akalay Management June ‚ 2008 Transactional and Transformational Leadership Leadership has been an important topic in the social sciences for many years. Recently‚ renewed interest in the concept of leadership has been aroused. “The resurgence of interest in studying the topic of leadership appears to be accompanied by an acceptance of the distinction
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