on the other hand‚ is used so that information can be transmitted through the channel with a specified reliability. Information theory answers the two fundamental questions in communication theory: what is the limit of data compression? (answer: entropy of the data H(X)‚ is its compression limit) and what is the ultimate transmission rate of communication? (answer: the channel capacity C‚ is its rate limit) . Information theory also suggests means which systems can use for achieving these ultimate
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 What is thermodynamics? Thermodynamics is the science which has evolved from the original investigations in the 19th century into the nature of “heat.” At the time‚ the leading theory of heat was that it was a type of fluid‚ which could flow from a hot body to a colder one when they were brought into contact. We now know that what was then called “heat” is not a fluid‚ but is actually a form of energy – it is the energy associated with the continual‚ random motion of the
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predicted using its neighbors. A typical image/video transmission system is outlined in Figure 1. The objective of the source encoder is to exploit the redundancies in image data to provide compression. In other words‚ the source encoder reduces the entropy‚ which in our case means decrease in the average number of bits required to represent the image. On the contrary‚ the channel encoder adds redundancy to the output of the source encoder in order to enhance the reliability of the transmission. Clearly
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Haralick [68] defined 14 statistical features of gray-level co-occurrence matrix for texture classification such as entropy‚ energy‚ contrast‚ auto correlation and Level co-occurrence matrix method of representing texture feature has found useful application in recognizing fabric defects‚ and in rock texture classification and retrieval. The detailed description of Haralick Texture Feature and Tamura Texture Features given below: 3.1.2.1.1 Haralick Texture Feature Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix
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Absolute entropy is entropy calculated relative to the absolute reference point determined by the third law of thermodynamics. Absolute humidity (specific humidity or humidity ratio) is the mass of water vapor present in a unit mass of dry air; that is‚ it is the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the mass of dry air in atmospheric air. Absolute pressure is the actual pressure at a given position and it is measured relative to absolute vacuum (i.e.‚ absolute zero pressure). Throughout this
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Week 5 Knowledge Check Study Guide Concepts Mastery Questions Family systems theory 67% 1 2 3 Social systems theory 100% 4 5 6 100% 7 8 9 100% 10 Structural components of social systems The community system life cycle Score: 11 / 12 11 12 Concept: Family systems theory Mastery 1. 67% Questions 1 2 3 Annie lives with her mother‚ Pamela‚ who is a conservative woman. At 16‚ Annie is moving toward parental independence and strongly resents the rules set forth by her mother
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deduced by the reader after observing the knowledge Sarah presents and the vocabulary she exhibits‚ such as “ONTOLOGY: That branch of metaphysics which concerns itself with the problems of the nature of existence or being” (191) and “ENTROPY: A quantity introduced in the first place to facilitate the calculations‚ and to give clear expressions to the results of thermodynamics” (193). Clearly‚ such words are not ones that would be regarded as common knowledge or everyday conversation
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1 a little UML UML for the Java Associate Oh my! Umm‚ hey‚ I‛m really not ready yet‚ OK? UML is Cool. Rumor has it there are some UML questions on Sun’s new Java Associates exam. Sadly‚ the new Head First book on OO isn’t quite ready yet (be sure to check hfoobook.com toward the end of 2005!)‚ but we’ve taken a few random pages (and parts of pages) from it and put them together here. So‚ if you don’t mind the lack of organization‚ you should find everything you need to know about UML
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say that the second law states that the entropy of a closed system increases over time. Closed system means that the earth receives limited energy from the sun. The creationist argument is based on their interpretation of the relationship of entropy‚ which is a measure of randomness‚ or of the degree of a system’s disorder. Creationists assume that a change characterized by a decrease in entropy cannot occur under any circumstances and spontaneous entropy decreases can‚ occur all the time‚ providing
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Mischel Figusch About The Time Machine: "The Time Machine" is primarily a social critique of H.G. Wells’s Victorian England projected into the distant future. Wells was a Socialist for most of his life with Communist leanings‚ and he argued in both his novels and non-fiction works that capitalism was one of the great ills of modern society. Rapid growth in technology‚ education‚ and capital had launched the Industrial Revolution in the 17th- and 18th-centuries‚ and by the late 19th-century of
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