Chemistry 2283g Experiment 1 – Alkyl Halides EXPERIMENT 1: Preparation and Reactivity of Alkyl Halides Relevant Sections in the text (Wade‚ 7 ed.) • 6.7 (p. 228) Reactions of alkyl halides • 6.8 – 6.12 (p. 229 – 242) The SN2 reaction: generality‚ factors affecting SN2 reactions‚ substrate reactivity‚ mechanism • 6.13 – 6.14 (p. 243 – 249) The SN1 reaction: mechanism‚ stereochemistry General Concepts The most common of the variety of methods available for preparing alkyl halides is the replacement
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bodies (IBs) are extracted from these E coli by adding Bugbuster lysis solution and lysozyme. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is carried out to test the existence of IBs. Afterward‚ IBs are dissolved in 8M urea and poured into IMAC chromatography in peptide purification step. Optimization of each step is tested throughout the experiment. Table 7 below shows the experimental matrix for the experiment.
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Determination of Gatifloxacin and Ornidazole in Tablet Dosage Forms by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography 43 A simple and sensitive high-performance thin-layer chromatography method has been developed for the quantitative estimation of gatifloxacin and ornidazole in its combined dosage forms. Gatifloxacin and ornidazole were chromatographed on silica Gel 60 F254 TLC plate using n-butanol: methanol: ammonia (6 M) (8:1:1.5 v/v) as the mobile phase and scanned at 302 nm using a Camag TLC Scanner
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technique is based on the principal that under the same conditions‚ the time between the injection of a component into the column and the elution of that component is constant. This characteristic is used to perform qualitative or quantitative analysis. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique used to separate non-volatile mixtures. Thin-layer chromatography is performed on a sheet of glass‚ plastic‚ or aluminium foil‚ which is coated with a thin layer of adsorbent material‚ usually
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(12). In order to provide different concentrations of the extract‚ Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of essential oil Isolation and measurement of the sample was done by coupled gas chromatography device (GC/MS) SHIMADZU 17 A with SHIMADZU mass spectrometry of QP5050A model and isolation of components was conducted in Fused Silica capillary column of the DBX-5 95% (polydimethylsiloxane) with a length of
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This separated the DBU containing ψ from a beige precipitate that turned out to be mostly CA with some side products. The resulting supernatant was purified using reverse phase chromatography to isolate ψ as its DBU salt. Once dried‚ the crude product was ran through a cation exchange column using 0.1% formic acid to remove DBU to obtain ψ as its free acid form. Next‚ the purified compound was subjected to a Fischer esterification reaction with isopropanol to form the isopropyl ester
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Synthesis of DEET Abstract: For this experiment m-toluic acid was reacted with thionyl chloride resulting in a nucleophilic acyl substitution which could then be used to create DEET with excess diethyl amine (Figure 1). This was done by adding diethyl amine drop wise using a seperatory funnel which resulted in a gas formation which was controlled with a condenser attached to a gas vacuum. The resulting mixture was then washed to remove excess acids and bases and rotovapped. DEET was synthesized
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Lesson Learning Outcomes Upon completion of this lecture‚ students should be able to: understand the structures and properties of amino acids know the groups of amino acid What are amino acids? Amino acids are molecules that when combined with each other proteins. Amino acids contain a central tetrahedral carbon atom (α-carbon) amine group‚ carboxyl group‚ R-side chain The R-side chain determines the different amino acids There are 20 common amino acids Amino acids can join via peptide
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and 3423 cm-1. The C=O was found at 1681 cm-1 and the C-O was at 1280 cm-1. The IR for benzoic acid also displays its significant bonds‚ O-H and C=O. The O-H was between 2566 and 3222 cm-1 and the C=O stretch was found at 1685 cm-1. The IR for 9-fluorenone did not show any significant bonds except for at 1681 cm-1‚ the C=O stretch. To separate 4-aminobenzoate into an aqueous layer‚ HCl was added to protonate the NH2 side group and form a salt‚ creating its high solubility in water and low solubility
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reactors were taken for analysis. 120 121 2.3. Analysis methods 122 A high performance liquid chromatography (LC-20A‚ Shimazu) coupled with a C18 analytical column (4.6 123 mm × 150mm‚ 5 μm particle size) was used to determine the concentration of
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