1 TOPIC 4 Course Learning Outcomes Able to : 1. Explain the fundamental concepts & theories of separation techniques in SFC & SFE. 2. Sketch‚ label the schematic diagrams & discuss the function of each component in SFC & SFE. 3. Identify the strength & limitations of SFC & SFE technique. 4. Suggest and justify the most suitable & efficient separation technique to be employed for an analysis. 2 What is supercritical fluid? 3 Critical temperature (Tc) for any substance is a temperature
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1 CHAPTER 1 PROJECT BACKGROUND 1.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND The main objective is to design an economic Acrylonitrile chemical plant with safer ways of processes for a minimum production rate of 100‚ 000 metric tonnes/year. 1.1 INTRODUCTION Recently‚ production of acrylonitrile has been increasing every year in many countries. The rapid growth of the industry is mainly attributed to the availability of oil and gas as feedstock‚ a well-developed infrastructure‚ and a strong base
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A0133901R 1. Aim 1. To isolate chlorophyll and beta carotene from plant leaves using column chromatography. 2. To qualitatively characterise the pigments with UV-vis spectroscopy and TLC. 2. Results and discussion Isolation of beta carotene and chlorophylls by column chromatography Upon the loading of S1 (the extract of the plant leaves in hexane)‚ a yellow band appeared at the top part of the silica column immediately after the solvent level descended to just above the sand layer. This yellow
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light of the perceived importance (weight) of these factors to the company. To generate an EFAS Table for the company being analyzed‚ complete the following steps: In Column 1 (External Factors)‚ list the eight to ten most important opportunities and threats facing the company. In Column 2 (Weight)‚ assign a weight to each factor from 1.0 (Most Important) to 0.0 (Not Important) based on that factor’s probable impact on a particular company’s current strategic position
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Purpose 1. To prepare a dry-packed sample of product mixture of ferrocene and Acetylferrocene 2. To separate and purify the components in the product mixture by column chromatography. 3. To check the purity of the components by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). 4. To calculate the yield of acetylferrocene and the percent recovery of unreacted ferrocene. Table of Quantity showing various physical properties Type of substance Molecular Formula Molecular Weight (g/mol) Density(g/cm3) M.P
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proposed RAS metaheuristic for the 14 test instances and for the 6 Real Case instances are shown in Table 2. The Instance column shows the instances analyzed by the CPLEX and the RAS. The five subsequent columns show the results achieved by CPLEX. The FO column shows the value of the Objective Function (FO)‚ corresponding to the transportation total cost. The UB and LB columns show‚ respectively‚ the upper and lower bound found when CPLEX was not able to reach the optimal solution of the instance
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well understood. It brings something to the picture‚ but should not tell too much Key Picture? It is a dominate picture‚ which express the theme of the newsletter and related to the headline. It is on the cover or inside spread and followed by columns of text. What thumbnails are -> How they are helpful to a designer‚ * Thumbnailing is the way of many designer to rough out their ideas with pencil and paper in the beginning stage in planning a newsletter. It helps to clarify visual thinking
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components (soinc). The mobile phase can be liquid‚ gas‚ or supercritical fluid. How Does Chromatography Work? Chromatography is a surface effect. It works by first starting off with an unidentified liquid being injected into a column. As the chemicals in the liquid move down the column‚ they separate depending on their physical and chemical attributes‚ such as speed and weight. To easily picture the process‚ the example will pertain to a paper chromatography process in which the liquid is moving over the
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In this essay‚ I will discuss the usage‚ similarities and differences between the Patheon in Rome and the Partheon in Athens. Despite the Roman and Greek empire are from diverse periods they have influenced the architecture around the globe significantly. The main similarity between the two is that they both were temples to the gods. The differences here is that Parthenon was made to celebrate Athena‚ the patron goddess of Athens‚ while the Pantheon was made to celebrate all the Roman gods and goddesses
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Table of Contents Introduction 2 1. Response spectrum analysis 3 1.1 Design Acceleration Response spectrum 3 1.2 Fundamental period of the building 6 1.3 Mass of the building 8 1.4 Calculation of base shear 11 1.5 Distribution of base shear 12 2. Conceptual design 14 2.1 Importance of conceptual design 14 3. LUSAS model 15 3.1 Initial mathematical model 15 Shear force diagrams – x-direction (fy) 16 Shear force diagrams – Y-direction (fZ) 17 Bending moment diagrams – x-direction (MZ) 18 Bending moment
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