it operates within the civil justice system – 14 marks The phrase alternative dispute resolution‚ also known as ‘ADR’ essentially is a range of ways to avoid full scale litigation. Access to justice is a fundamental right and is protected under Article 6 European Convention of Human Rights‚ therefore‚ if society is to operate effectively there must a way of ensuring that disputes between individuals can be resolved. Importantly‚ this does not necessarily have to involve going to court. There
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Outline the development of common law and equity. A The Law in England didn’t come about all at once‚ but has developed over the centuries. There are 5 different sources of law: Customs‚ Judicial decision‚ Acts of Parliament‚ Delegated Legislation and‚ most recently‚ European Law. However‚ new law is still being created today. The law as we know it today all started in 1066‚ when William the Conqueror invaded England. He found a country with no single system of law‚ just sets of customary rules
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Contract law – contract formation Figure 1: Elements required for a contract to be recognised by law Using Figure 1 above‚ and your knowledge of the elements required for contract formation‚ consider whether a contract recognised by law has been made in each of the scenarios below. Scenario IS THERE A contract? James is selling his car for $5000. Lucy comes to look at it‚ and says that she loves it‚ but that she only has $4800 to spend. James says he will accept $4800‚ as long as Lucy
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1 App Cas 554 has been criticised where ‘a valuable consideration‚ in the sense of the law‚ may consist either in some right‚ interest profit or benefit accruing to the one party or some forbearance‚ detriment‚ loss or responsibility‚ given‚ suffered or undertaken by the other’. Due to Angela falling ill‚ Nick accepts half the original amount of rent being payment of a lesser sum but the rule at common law being the rule in Pinnel ’s Case (1602) 5 Co Rep 117a‚ is that the payment of a lesser
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res ipsa loquitur- the facts speak for themselves It means that the plaintiff can prima facie establish negligence where the facts are so obvious that somebody must be negligent otherwise the accident would not have happen. In the common law of negligence‚ the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur (Latin: the thing speaks for itself) states that the elements of duty of care and breach can be sometimes inferred from the very nature of the accident‚ even without direct evidence of how any defendant
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Common Law Law developed through conclusions of courts and similar committees by the judges is known as common law‚ it is also known as case law. Common law binds upcoming decisions and it is the body of practice. Common law delivers compensation in monetarist value of the damages due to violation of contract and approves the legal owner of the property. Certain amount of money presented as compensation by a court for a breach or trot of agreement is known as damages‚ it is also famous as lump
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Islamic Contract Law TYPES OF COMMITMENTS 1. Wa‘d – • • • – وunilateral promise One party binds itself to perform a function for another Does not normally create legal obligation Legal obligation is created: • • Genuine need of the masses – (ر Contingent promise ا س )رد ا ز ن ز ا إذ ا 2. Muwaa‘ada – ا ة • • • • – bilateral promise Two parties performing two unilateral promises on the same subject Use of two unilateral promises can lead to a forward contract‚ which
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NO | CONTENT | PAGE | 1.0 | QUESTION A | 2 | 2.0 | QUESTION B | 3 | 3.0 | BIBLIOGRAPHY | 4 | 1.0 Belinda enters Tesco Store and selects food items‚ fruit juice‚ vegetables‚ stationary and 2 dresses. She puts these items into her shopping trolley. Has a contract been made between Tesco Store and Belinda at this point? Give reasons for your answer. An offer is an expression of willingness to contract on a specific set of terms‚ made by the seller with the intention that‚ if the offer is
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The Law of Contract Voidable Contract – Coercion The word “contract” can be defined as a voluntary‚ deliberate‚ and legally binding agreement between two or more competent parties. Contracts are usually written but may be spoken or implied‚ and generally have to do with employment‚ sale or lease‚ or tenancy. A contractual relationship is evidenced by an offer‚ acceptance of the offer‚ intention to create legal relations‚ consideration‚ certainty and capacity. However‚ while all parties may expect
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UNIT 2: OFFER TUTORIAL SHEET 2 1. What is an offer? 2. Explain the two (2) types of offer? 3. Distinguish between an offer and an invitation to treat. 4. What types of communication do not constitute an offer? 5. Explain each type of communication identified in (4) above. 6. When is an offer effective? 7. Explain the difference between a counter- offer and request for information. 8. Explain whether each of the following is a bilateral offer‚ unilateral offer or not an
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