modern information and technology-based nations and businesses vulnerable as information can be stolen from electronic storage media and transmitted in seconds without even physically removing the data. The paper attempts to examine how investors or companies could protect themselves from corporate espionage. However‚ in doing so‚ it shall also look at the historical development of espionage and examines how the advances in technology in the recent years have facilitated the act of espionage‚ and also
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Company Law 1) Explain the background to the case Salomon vs. Salomon. Mr. Salomon was a leather merchant in a large establishment. Solomon converted his business into a limited company as Solomon and Company limited with his wife and five children becoming members. Each member took one £1 share each. The company bought the business for £39‚000. Mr. Salomon subscribed for 20‚000 further shares. The company also gave Salomon £10‚000 in debentures (i.e. Salomon gave the company a £10‚000 loan
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Facts: Mick‚ Keith‚ Charlie‚ Bill and Brian were directors and equal shareholder of Big Lips Music Pty Ltd. Brian resigned his directorship as a result of differences with Mick‚ Keith‚ Bill and Charlie. The others wanted to get rid of Brian as a shareholder. However‚ Brian told them that he would never sell his shares in Big Lips Music. A general meeting of Big Lips Music’s shareholders is called at which there is a motion to insert a new clause in the company’s constitution that gives Mick
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Page 1 of 43 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA THE COMPANIES ACT COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE‚ AND NOT HAVING A SHARE CAPITAL MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OF UGANDA (A3-U) LIMITED Incorporated this……...day of June 2012 Page 2 of 43 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA THE COMPANIES ACT COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE‚ AND NOT HAVING A SHARE CAPITAL MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OF UGANDA (A3-U) LIMITED Table of Contents MEMORANDUM
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of a company. And the common law has extended the scope of “promoter” further in Tracy v Mandalay Pty Ltd (1953) 88 CLR 215. In this case‚ the High Court held that the promoters are not just these persons who take an active part in the formation process‚ but also these who profits from the operation of the company with a passive role. Applying this doctrine to the case study‚ Alicia can be regarded as one of the promoters of Batco Ltd‚ since she had involved in the formation of the company and
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PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANIES A public limited company (legally abbreviated to plc) is a limited liability company that may sell shares to the public in United Kingdom company law‚ in the Republic of Ireland and other Commonwealth jurisdictions. It can be either an unlisted or listed company on the stock exchanges. In the United Kingdom‚ a public limited company usually it abbreviates "plc" at the end and as part of its legal company name. However‚ certain public limited companies (mostly nationalised concerns)
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cancelled only by special resolution of the company and: (c) by special resolution passed at a meeting: (i) for a company with a share capital of the class of members holding shares in the class… (d) with the written consent of members with at least 75% of the votes in the class.” (Tony & Christopher 2009) It would seem that the Company has the special resolution about the preference shares’ rights. By reliance on the assumption in s246B (2)‚ the Company will cannot increase the dividend rate for
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have just joined Trymore plc („Trymore‟)‚ a company listed on the London Stock Exchange‚ as company secretary. This is the first time that a company secretary has been appointed as a separate role in Trymore‚ as the position had previously always been held by the finance director. Trymore manufactures and sells luxury jewellery and the business has suffered as a result of an economic downturn. Several issues have arisen with certain stakeholders of the company‚ including unions‚ shareholders‚ auditors
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of television and radio appearances and his name and pictures was used by the company. Subsequently‚ John heard nothing from the Superfast Ltd. Last week‚ he decided to travel to a football game in Liverpool and he contacted Superfast Ltd to arrange his free travel. The company informed him that the ‘free travel for life’was simply a prize that had been made available to him and as he had provided nothing to the company in return so there would be no free travel made available to him. The case
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the low administration requirements compare to form a company. Disadvantages The first major disadvantage is for partnership there are unlimited liability for Andy and Zara. The second major disadvantage is there is no separation between Andy and Zara to manage and control the business. ii) Advantages: The first major advantage is the company has limited liability for shareholders. The second major advantage is the share of the company allow for transfer and expansion. Disadvantages: The
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