how much a company should pay its stockholders‚ as dividend is one that has been of concern to managers for a long time. The optimal dividend policy of a firm may be defined as the one that increases shareholders wealth by the greatest amount. It is therefore necessary‚ to understand the nature of the relationship between dividend and value of the firm. It is in the light of this that the study examines the possible effects of a firm’s dividend policy on the market price of its common stock with reference
Premium Stock Stock market
B1 – Ethics‚ fraud and internal control at Bern Fly Company The main purpose that a good internal control must fulfil is to protect the firm’s assets from fraud and theft. As we can see from the description of Bern Fly Company’s case‚ the internal control within the company leaves much to be desired. As it can be read in the case the salespersons get commission promptly after each order taken by their customers without any control to check if that order is real or only a fictitious one. This
Premium Sales Fraud Process control
Obtaining an understanding of internal control allows auditor’s to identify the types of material misstatements that could occur in the financial statements‚ consider the factors that affect the risk of material misstatements‚ and design substantive tests. An auditor obtains the understanding from researching the clients business. An auditor will take inquires from management and personnel‚ observe client activities and operations‚ walk-through the business‚ and inspect client documents and records
Premium Auditing Audit Internal control
Studies of Stock Price Volatility Changes Fischer Black‚ Massachusetts Institute of Technology This article explains the analysis of Fischer Black on the volatility of underlying shares that flow in the cash market. Fischer Black also determines and explains how futures trading affect cash market volatility. Volatility may be described as a time series indicator which enables traders to quantify changes in market prices. Volatility can be characterized as historical or implied. Historical
Premium Stock market Stock Risk aversion
the business. Stakeholders are categorize into two types: internal or external. Internal stakeholders can be owners‚ managers‚ and employees. External stakeholders can be suppliers‚ lenders‚ and customers (Worthington‚ 2009). Human Resource (Safety) There are many safety rules in Lowe’s Home Improvement. “We strive to sustain a safety culture that integrates safety into all parts of our business. Safety is a core value of our company. We hold our leadership teams accountable for creating and
Premium Internal control Fraud Lowe's
Revenue Cycle and Control Activities The revenue cycle for many companies is considered the primary source to earn revenue from the sale of goods or service. Good controls must be established to maintain the effectiveness of receivables and credit sales‚ not doing so can harm the company and might be costly to the business. Six classes of internal controls guides us in evaluating and designing transaction processing. They are authorization‚ supervision‚ segregation of duties‚ access control‚ independent
Premium Accounts receivable General ledger Inventory
system of ‘internal control (I.C).’ (D.P. Jain‚ 1993). Management not the auditor must establish and maintain the entity’s of control. (Alvin J.‚ James K.‚ W. Morley‚ Ingrid B.‚ 2000). According to Spicer and Pegler‚ “internal control is best regarded as indicating the whole system of controls‚ financial and otherwise estimated by the management in the conduct of a business including internal check‚ internal audit and other form of controls.” (D.P. Jain‚ 1993). Larry F. (2002) defines internal control
Premium Internal control
multiple bank overdrafts. Results indicate that only minimal efforts have been made for internal control measures in this office and companywide‚ and that weaknesses have allowed the Finance Coordinator to embezzle funds. There are many issues to be addressed‚ and several remedial actions to be taken to prevent these types of losses going forward. Strengths in the internal control system Dentistar’s internal control system has some strengths‚ including its detection policies‚ limits on access to data
Premium Internal control Budget Control theory
American Finance Association Equity Issues and Stock Price Dynamics Author(s): Deborah J. Lucas and Robert L. McDonald Source: The Journal of Finance‚ Vol. 45‚ No. 4 (Sep.‚ 1990)‚ pp. 1019-1043 Published by: Blackwell Publishing for the American Finance Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2328713 . Accessed: 16/07/2011 10:21 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR ’s Terms and Conditions of Use‚ available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms
Premium Stock market Stock Net present value
INTERNAL CONTROL AND RISK EVALUATION PAPER ACCOUNTING 542 INTERNAL CONTROL AND RISK EVALUATION PAPER Many businesses are concerned with information technology risks. Many organizations are concerned with different types of risk and attempt to control risk as they are assessed. In order to control risk‚ organizations must create control environments that set the tone of employee awareness and promote operational efficiency. One attempt to control risk is through risk assessment. The
Premium Accounts receivable Accounts payable Flowchart