Department of Biological Sciences Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy Room # 123 The Origin of Chordates Reginald Bushner February 15‚ 2013 1 Abstract The word chordate originates from the word chorda or cord. Chordates are a very large group of animals with backbones. These animals have backbones or spines and inside are spinal cords‚ and an internal skeleton as part of their nervous system. It is believed that chordates have originated from invertebrates. It is difficult
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Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy Lecture Notes - Skeletal System II (Skull) The Vertebrate Skull consists of: 1 - neurocranium (also called endocranium or primary braincase) 2 - dermatocranium (membrane bones) 3 - splanchnocranium (or visceral skeleton) Neurocranium: 1 - protects the brain 2 - begins as cartilage that is partly or entirely replaced by bone (except in cartilaginous fishes) Cartilaginous stage: neurocranium begins as pair of parachordal & prechordal cartilages below the
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Anatomy of the Nervous System Structure of the Vertebrate Nervous System • Neuroanatomy is the anatomy of the nervous system. • Refers to the study of the various parts of the nervous system and their respective function(s). • The nervous system consists of many substructures‚ each comprised of many neurons. Structure of the Vertebrate Nervous System • Terms used to describe location when referring to the nervous system include: – Ventral: toward the stomach – Dorsal: toward the back –
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Chapter 34 Vertebrates PowerPoint® Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero‚ updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education‚ Inc.‚ publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Key Ideas 1. List the derived traits for: chordates‚ craniates‚ vertebrates‚ gnathostomes‚ tetrapods‚ amniotes‚ birds‚ mammals‚ primates‚ humans 2. Explain what Haikouella and Myllokunmingia tell us about
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capsule Food Getting and Digestion Circulatory System Respiratory System Movement Reproduction Reptilia Common Name Representatives Reptiles turtles & tortoises lizards & snakes crocodiles‚ alligators‚ dinosaurs 1st fully terrestrial vertebrates
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Vertebrate Project Comparing and Contrasting Koalas and Platypuses Koalas(marsupials) and Platypuses(monotremes) have interesting similarities as well as differences. Physical variation for Koalas Both Koalas and Platypuses can be found commonly in the country of Australia. Both Koalas and Platypuses can be found commonly in the country of Australia. A typical Koala has a thick‚ dark fur and fluffy white ear tuffs. Koalas are generally silent and nocturnal creatures. However‚ males have
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similarities and differences in vertebrates. • The students should use science journals to write in answers as the teacher proceeds through the program. • The teacher should use this as an introduction to vertebrates and seize the opportunities to have class participation by leading a guided discussion. VERTEBRATE CLASSIFICATION Write these questions and try to answer them to the best of your ability in your science journal! • 1. What is the kingdom in which all vertebrates are classified? • 2. What
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Is Sex Necessary? Conditions in which parthenogenesis reproduction in vertebrates is beneficial Sexual reproduction is regarded as the most beneficial way to produce a lasting lineage that can adapt to changing environments and evolve to greater complexity. However‚ some species use asexual reproduction to sustain their population. Parthenogenesis is a rare form of reproduction in which a female produces a genetic clone of herself to create offspring. These lineages are all female and have
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from secondary sources (including photos/diagrams/models) to observe‚ analyse and compare the structure of vertebrate forelimbs. Comparative anatomy is the study of the differences and similarities in structure between different organisms. An example of comparative anatomy is the pentadactyl limb which is the basic five-digit bone structure of many vertebrate’s forelimbs. The vertebrate forelimb (or the pentadactyl limb) comprises of the humerus (upper arm)‚ radius and ulna (forearm)‚ carpals
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blood Thin and Moist Epithelium Barrier Between medium and blood High Vascularized Many blood vessels Ventilation - Pumping of water in - Pumping of air in lungs Respiratory Devices Adaptations for External Respiration: Primary Organs in Adult Vertebrates are: External and Internal Gills Swim Bladders or Lungs Skin Buccopharyngeal Mucosa Less common respiratory Devices: Filmentous (bushy outgrowths - not hair‚ just looks like it. Are skin.) of the posterior trunk and thigh (African hairy frog) Lining
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