Sexual Assault Patterns‚ context‚ definitions: Law reform (’81)– Importance of feminist contributions – significant to reform of law regarding rape. Definitions: Sexual assault (NSW) Unlawful sexual penetration (Commonwealth Criminal Code) Harm – Affront to human dignity Humiliating denial of freedom and equality; Cruel invasion of human privacy (FRASER 1975) Sources of information – Official statistics Victim surveys Discrepancy reveals under-reporting: 14% reported Relationship
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MCQs in Criminal Law Choose the best answer. 1. Sailor Kriseth is a merchant ship registered in Puerto Rico and owned by Seta Alcantara‚ a Filipino citizen. The Captain of the Ship is Captain Amerigo who is an American citizen. While passing through Laguna bay‚ the ship was searched by customs officials and they found 10 kilos of prohibited drugs. The owner and the captain of the ship were charged in the Regional Trial Court for possession of illegal drugs. Does the Philippine Courts have
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ConSuLTATIon PAPeR Hearsay in Civil and Criminal Cases (LRC CP 60 – 2010) CONSULTATION PAPER HEARSAY IN CIVIL AND CRIMINAL CASES (LRC CP 60 - 2010) © COPYRIGHT Law Reform Commission FIRST PUBLISHED March 2010 ISSN 1393-3140 THE LAW REFORM COMMISSION‘S ROLE The Law Reform Commission is an independent statutory body established by the Law Reform Commission Act 1975. The Commission‘s principal role is to keep the law under review and to make proposals for reform‚ in particular
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Civil law is primarily contrasted against common law‚ which is the legal system developed among Anglo-Saxon people‚ especially in England. The original difference is that‚ historically‚ common law was law developed by custom‚ beginning before there were any written laws and continuing to be applied by courts after there were written laws‚ too‚ whereas civil law developed out of the Roman law of Justinian’s Corpus Juris Civilis (Corpus Iuris Civilis). In later times‚ civil law became codified as
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‘Thinking About Crime’ What are the main strengths and weaknesses of official crime statistics and victimisation surveys? Looking at Crime Statistics and Victimisation Surveys can be very helpful when looking at the rates in which crimes are committed and the annual crime rate throughout the UK. This essay will cover the strengths and weaknesses of Official Crime Statistics and Victimisation Surveys. This will show if the strengths and weaknesses contradict each other. Presented within this
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Introduction and Overview The aim of this case is to present a contemporary criminal case. The case must have occurred in the last ten years. It must be an indictable offence‚ a more serious criminal charge where the defendant has the right to trial by jury and has been found guilty. The analysis of the case will be carried out through the extent which the law balances the rights of victims and offenders. The case which I have chosen is a major indictable offence of Murder and Manslaughter- starvation
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OF THE PROVISIONS OF THIS CODE Article 1. Time when Act takes effect. — This Code shall take effect on the first day of January‚ nineteen hundred and thirty-two. Art. 2. Application of its provisions. — Except as provided in the treaties and laws of preferential application‚ the provisions of this Code shall be enforced not only within the Philippine Archipelago‚ including its atmosphere‚ its interior waters and maritime zone‚ but also outside of its jurisdiction‚ against those who: 1. Should
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2000 CASE DIGESTS C R I M I N A L L A W SUMMARY OF DOCTRINES JUSTIFYING CIRCUMSTANCES Self-Defense The invocation of self-defense is an admission of the killing and its authorship. By this admission‚ the burden of proof shifts to the accused who must establish all elements of the justifying circumstance. The nature and number of wounds inflicted disprove the plea of self-defense because they demonstrate determined effort to kill and not just defend himself. (People v. Magayac
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Moloney [1985] 1 AC 905 House of Lords‚ R V Hancock and Shankland [1986] 1 AC 455 House of Lords‚ R v Nedrick [1986] 3 All ER 1 Court of Appeal*‚ R v Woollin [1997] Cr App R 97‚ Court of Appeal‚ Woollin [1998]3 W.L.R. 382 ‚ House of Lords.* Law Commission‚ Draft Criminal Code Bill. G. Williams‚ ‘Oblique Intention’ [1987] CLJ 417. Lord Goff‚ ‘The Mental element in the crime of murder’ (1988) 104 LQR 30. A. Norrie‚ ‘Oblique intention and legal politics’ [1989] Crim LR 793. R. Duff‚ ‘The politics of
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Criminal Law 2 Homicide 1. Murder a. Actus i. Act or omission must have caused the death (s 18(1)(a) CA) b. Mens i. No punishment shall be incurred by person who kills by misfortune only (s 18(2)(b)) ii. Intention to kill or inflict GBH(s 18(1)(a)) 1. Requirement that D has actual awareness of consequences of actions (Aiton) 2. Subjective test: Conscious purpose‚ decision not desire (Hyam) 3. Foresight of certainty (Woollin) 4. Knowledge of chance of consequences fulfils malice requirement
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