1) Compare and contrast utilitarianism versus universalism. Utilitarianism comprises of two types of criteria which is rule based and act based. Rule-based utilitarianism argues that general principles are used as criteria for deciding the greatest benefit to be achieved from acting in a certain way. Act based utilitarians on the other hand analyze a particular action or behavior to determine whether the greatest utility or good can be achieved. Utilitarianism also includes the following tenets
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Explain how a follower of Natural Law theory might approach the issues surrounding Abortion The Natural Law theory takes a deontological approach to ethical issues like Abortion which is based on Thomas Aquinas’ view of Natural Law. Aquinas says that God creates human beings to fulfil their purpose to serve Him and our neighbour to bring us heaven and eternal life. In this aspect Natural Law followers would therefore say that a baby must be able to fulfil its life the way God planned it and this
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Explain Natural Law theory In this essay‚ I will discuss the theories behind Natural Law‚ as well as the qualities it is seen to possess. I will explain Aquinas’ concepts and theory on Natural Law‚ discussing eudaimonia and the doctrine of the double effect. Finally‚ I will reflect on some of the positive and negative aspects‚ in summarising Natural Law theory. It is important to highlight that Natural Laws differ from acts which occur naturally. There are many aspects to Natural Law‚ the first
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Natural Law is a Theory that says that there is an existence of a law that is set by nature and applies everywhere because it is ingrained within our beings and can be discovered through the human ability to reason. Natural law is: Universal‚ unchanging and constant – these are all qualities which clearly show that it is an absolute theory. " There will not be one law at Rome and another at Athens " - - Cicero It is accessible through the natural order of the world – through observation of its
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January 2001 Explain the theory of Natural law (25 marks) The theory of natural law originates from Aristotle’s idea of goodness as fitness for purpose and stoic’s concept of a universal law of reason which is in agreement with nature. What we now call human nature. This point is then furthered by Aquinas who agrees with the argument but furthers it by linking it with his Christian belief by saying following this law is equivalent to following the command of God as human nature is in us inbuilt
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that explores the same topic and a slightly similar story to The Natural is “The Perfect Game.” While they both deal with the topic of Baseball and the expression of teams‚ they differ through how the stories begin and how The Perfect Game emphasizes more on just baseball. Amazingly enough‚ both stories begin with a character that already has a pre-interest or talent for Baseball. In The Natural‚ Roy‚ the main character‚ has a “Natural” skill of playing baseball while in The Perfect Game‚ the main
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1809. The main concept behind his theory (Lamarck’s Theory) was not too different from Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection which came later in 1859. Both theories suggest that varying traits between individuals of the same species are passed down to offspring and hence‚ organisms evolve into the versions we see today. There are four main factors that drive the evolutionary process: Natural Selection Mutation Migration Genetic Drift Natural Selection: this is the process
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about a moral theory that goes by the name utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is the view that actions are morally acceptable if and only if they produce at least as much happiness as any other available action. The more happiness and less suffering that results from our actions‚ the better the action is and the right action is the one that produces the greatest balance of happiness over suffering. Utilitarianism can be broken up into two parts‚ a theory of what is valuable and a theory of right action
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The Philosophy of Utilitarianism may have a positive outcome‚ but it can be flawed at times as well. The Utilitarian theory states “ The greatest happiness for the greatest number of people”. Some say this approach is flawed due to it lacking reason and consequence‚ I believe this depends on specific circumstances. Abortion is a big issue now a days and I feel that the utilitarian theory would be a reasonable outlook on this particular situation. To apply the Utilitarian theory to abortion‚ first
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Utilitarianism is a philosophical idea that can be used by individuals‚ governments or agencies‚ in which the purpose is to help pick an action to take. According to Utilitarianism‚ the action one should take show be the action that produces the most pleasure and the least pain for everyone involved. In order to make this decision‚ Bentham suggests using a hedonic calculus‚ through which you "...sum up the numbers expressive of the degree of good tendency‚ which the action has‚ with respect to each
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