Define or explain motivation. - Motivation is what drives one to act or behave in a particular way. 2. Compare and contrast intrinsic and extrinsic motivation - There are two types of motivation. Intrinsic motivation is when an individual truly wants to learn and will engage in the task for its own sake. Usually intrinsic motivation comes from within. The motivation is personal to the individual‚ and they are motivated by a personal drive. On the other hand‚ extrinsic motivation is when an individual
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Q: Compare and Contrast Marxist and Weberian Theories of Stratification. The purpose of this essay is to compare‚ contrast and critically evaluate Marxist and Weberian theories of stratification. To do this effectively this essay must explain and consider the main features‚ claims and perspectives of both Karl Marx and Max Weber. O’Donnell (1992) defines social stratification as “the division of a society or group into hierarchically ordered layers. Members of each layer are considered broadly equal
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How to Compare & Contrast the Theories of Piaget and Vygotsky Jean Piaget was a Swiss developmental psychologist famous for his theories of child development‚ particularly his theory of cognitive development. He proposed a stage theory of development‚ which linked the interaction between cognitive and biological development in children. Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky was a Russian psychologist who was most famous for his theory of sociocultural development and believed that development occurs primarily
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OPPONENT-PROCESS THEORY Opponent-process theory is a psychological and neurological model that accounts for a wide range of behaviors‚ including color vision. Simply it says “All colors are combinations of responses in three underlying bipolar systems (Red/Green‚ Blue/Yellow‚ and Black/White)”. This model was first proposed in 1878 by Ewald Hering‚ a German physiologist‚ and later expanded by Richard Solomon‚ a 20th-century psychologist. Introduction The color opponent process is a color theory that
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McGregor’s theory X and theory Y McGregor developed two theories of human behaviour at work: Theory and X and Theory Y. He did not imply that workers would be one type or the other. Rather‚ he saw the two theories as two extremes - with a whole spectrum of possible behaviours in between. Theory X workers could be described as follows: - Individuals who dislike work and avoid it where possible - Individuals who lack ambition‚ dislike responsibility and prefer to be led - Individuals who desire
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Introduction to Special Topic Forum: The Future of Work Motivation Theory Author(s): Richard M. Steers‚ Richard T. Mowday‚ Debra L. Shapiro Source: The Academy of Management Review‚ Vol. 29‚ No. 3 (Jul.‚ 2004)‚ pp. 379-387 Published by: Academy of Management Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20159049 . Accessed: 25/04/2011 09:09 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR ’s Terms and Conditions of Use‚ available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms
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Frederick Herzberg – Two-Factor Theory of Motivation: 1. Introduction: The two-factor theory (also known as Herzberg ’s motivation-hygiene theory and dual-factor theory) states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction‚ while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. It was developed by psychologist Frederick Herzberg‚ who theorized that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction act independently of each other. According to Herzberg‚ intrinsic motivators
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The aging process can be explained using theories‚ such as the modern biological theories which can be categorized into programmed theories or damage and error theories‚ both consisting of sub-categories (Jin‚ 2010). For both Mr. S and Mrs. M biological timetable and the environment insults could have resulted in their current conditions and have played roles in their aging process. According to the programmed theory‚ aging depends on one’s biological clock (Jin‚ 2010). As a sub-category of the programmed
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Compare and Contrast Functionalist and Marxist Theories of Stratification Stratification is the separation of society into layers which are distinguished by unequal rewards and life chances and many systems of stratification have been based on slavery‚ caste and feudalism. Slavery‚ being the oldest and most extreme form of stratification‚ involves the enslavement or ownership of others. This ownership came about as a result of conquest‚ trade‚ kidnapping‚ hereditary status or the repayment of
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CrCritically Compare and Contrast Modernisation Theory and Neo-Liberalism Introduction The two theories which shall be compared are the modernisation theory and Neo Liberalism. The modernisation theory is a market oriented development theory which states that low income countries can develop economically if they give up their traditional ways which often can be dated back centuries and take on more modern economic principles‚ technologies and cultural values which comprise of an emphasis on productive
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