John Locke was a philosopher and supporter of The Enlightenment whose philosophies served a crucial role in its formation‚ these ideologies fall into three major branches: epistemology‚ political philosophy‚ and religious toleration. The Enlightenment was a cultural movement that revolved around the use of reason and progress from the Scientific Revolution to address human problems. Epistemology supported inductive reasoning‚ a form of thinking in which one takes specific details and uses them to
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Hobbes: Human Nature and Political Theory Thomas Hobbes writes in his 1651 masterpiece Leviathan of his interpretations of the inherent qualities of mankind‚ and the covenants through which they enter in order to secure a peaceful existence. His book is divided up into two separate sections; Of Man‚ in which Hobbes describes characteristics of humans coexisting without the protection of a superior earthly authority‚ and Of Commonwealth‚ which explains how humans trapped in that primal state
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CAN WE CONSIDER KARL MARX A SOCIOLOGIST? “The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.” (Marx and Engels 2002[1888]: 219) I am beginning with the famous quote from The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to frame a question to myself about Marx’s theoretical importance and its practical implication. I had my first encounter with Marx when I was in the 11th standard of my formal education. Since then the ghost of Marx has been impelling
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Humanity is made up of everything good and bad. Thomas Hobbes speaks of humanity as a horrid thing and that people need a ruler to be in control. On the other hand‚ John Locke adopts a positive tone about the goodness of people and how we should live our lives freely. Based on human nature‚ I most identify with John Locke because of his belief on self government and that everyone should have the lawful right of existence and independence. John Locke’s ideology states that everyone is born equal
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Karl Marx and his critique of capitalism The definition of utopia is an ideally perfect place especially in its social‚ political‚ and moral aspects (dictionary.com). This paper will discuss the changes in capitalism since Marx?s critique in 1848. Marx?s fundamental critique remains correct today. Marx is still correct about his critique of capitalism because even though there have been changes made to capitalism to prevent some abuses‚ capitalism still produces inequality‚ reduces the family
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In the Leviathan‚ Thomas Hobbes argues that the fallacies of the State of nature can be remedied through the social contract.” if they think good‚ to a monarch as absolutely as to other representative“(pg. 241). Hobbes claims that the monarchy is the best form of government. I believe he assumes too much when he argues that the monarch will work for the same interests as the people and does not consider the alternative of a monarch who becomes corrupt from the absolute authority given to him. I will
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------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Emile Durkheim vs. Karl Marx Durkheim vs. Marx Introduction: For so many years‚ authorities from each field have deliberated normative theories to explain what holds the society together. Almost each specialist‚ from structural functionalism‚ positivism and conflict theory perspective‚ had contributed their works trying to illustrate main problematic to our society. In one way‚ one of the Emile
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being ran‚ they can do so. The goal of his legislation is to protect the common good. John Locke had similar ideas to Rousseau. He believed people were born with unalienable rights. The three rights were life‚ liberty and the pursuit of happiness. He also believe if the government was not functioning in a correct manner‚ the people have the right to revolt. Thomas Hobbes was the most evil of the thinkers. Hobbes states that people are evil and greedy. It’s human nature for people to be power hungry
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situation in South Africa in terms of a Marxism perspective. According to Nattrass (1991) South Africa’s economic development was shaped by the racial policies that were implemented by the state at that time. Karl Marx Base and superstructure Base and superstructure are two concepts developed by Karl Marx. According to Nengwekhulu (s.a.) these two concepts must have a dialectical relationship‚ thus they can influence one another. The base refers to the economic factors in society such as the relations of
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“Summum Bonum” leads to the state of war where peace can only be achieved within an absolute monarchy? According to the 17th century philosopher‚ Thomas Hobbes‚ humans share a fundamental quality – an enduring desire for power‚ glory and self-perseverance‚ and in the right of nature it is upon each man’s liberty to use his own power to persist his existence. Hobbes‚ in one of his most influential texts‚ Leviathan (1651)‚ constructs arguments which justify destroying one’s fellow man to achieve one’s goals
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