Describe and Evaluate the Multi-Store Model of Memory (12 Marks) The Multi-Store Model explains how memory works through three stages in a fixed‚ linear sequence. Information is first detected from environmental stimuli and stored in the sensory memory as haptic‚ echoic or visual information. Only certain information can only be paid attention to‚ as the capacity and duration of the sensory memory is very limited. This information is then passed onto the STM. Only 7 + - 2 items can only be stored
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Describe and evaluate the Working Memory Model of Memory (12 marks) The working memory model by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974 is an alternative to the multi- store model‚ which was limited in its description of the STM. It consists of three main components‚ the first one being the central executive‚ which has overall control. The central executive is directs attention to two slave systems‚ the phonological loop and the visual-spatial sketchpad. The central executive has limited capacity but
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The WMM model of memory Atkinson’s and Shiffrin’s (1968) multi-store model was extremely successful in terms of the amount of research it generated. However‚ as a result of this research‚ it became apparent that there were a number of problems with their ideas concerning the characteristics of short-term memory. Building on this research‚ Baddeley and Hitch (1974) developed an alternative model of short-term memory which they called working memory. There are three main components to the original
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processes such as memory‚ remembering and problem solving. The cognitive approach is interested in how people take in information‚ how they mentally represent it and how they store it. It also looks at how the information is perceived and processed and how integrated patterns of behaviour occur. Memory is fundamental to our lives‚ we have to recall who we are‚ recognise the faces of everyone we meet and remember how to move and communicate. Several models of the way in which memory is structured and
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Describe and Evaluate the Working Memory Model - 12 Marks The working memory model is a model which specifically defines the short term memory. It is made up of three sections: the central executive‚ visuo-spacial sketchpad and phonological loop. The central executive is the ’boss’ of the three and this section of the system is the part that makes it possible for humans to multitask. It does this by allocating attention to different parts of the system. These are its slave systems. The capacity
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Memory- Task 1 Evaluate the usefulness of the three models of memory (multi-store model‚ working memory model and the levels of processing model) and discuss practical implications of memory research. Atkinson and Shiffrin ’s Multi- store Model of Memory (1968) hypothesises that there are three stores for memory; Sensory memory‚ short term memory (STM) and long term memory (LTM). The theory states that a memory passes through each of the stores and that the importance of the memory determines which
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Hitch’s working memory model‚ and assess to what extent this model has helped us to understand phonological short term memory problems in children with reading disorders. The working memory model is the dominant and influential theory of memory designed to actively store information and refer to ideas that are thought of‚ or made available to the mind. Information can be manipulated when it is required during thinking‚ mental tasks‚ solving a problem or reasoning tasks (Cowan 2007). Working memory
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Baddley’s working memory model explains what goes on inside the short-term memory and the working memory. It consists of two temporary storages for short-term memory depending on the type of information. The visuospatial sketchpad stores the visual and spatial images for manipulation. The phonological loop maintains auditory memory by speech rehearsal. Visual/spatial images and auditory information are stored in separate locations in working memory. Another component in Baddley’s model is the central
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Outline and evaluate one alternative to the multi-store model of memory (e.g. working memory‚ levels of processing) Craik and Lockhart (1972) advanced the levels of processing theory (LOP) as an alternative to the multi-store model. They argued that deeper levels of processing would greatly enhance the strength and durability of a memory trace and therefore its memorability. Thus if you process information “deeply” then it will be stored. Deep processing would‚ according to the researchers
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A Brief Account of the Multi-Store Model of Memory And its Strengths and Weaknesses Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) proposed that the memory system could be explained in terms of 3 specific stores. This was the sensory memory that holds information from our 5 senses for a very short period of time unless given attention‚ short-term memory (STM) which has a limited capacity and short duration unless verbally rehearsed‚ and the long-term memory (LTM) which has a potentially unlimited capacity and
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