In the Name of God Subject: An Introduction to Educational Psychology: Behaviourism & Cognitive Psychology March 6th‚ 2014 1.1 Introduction First chapter provide a brief introduction to: 1. The discipline of educational psychology 2. Important influences on the development of psychological ideas and theories related to the process of education 3. And finally relevance of these ideas to teaching and learning a foreign language 1.2 Educational Psychology Kaplan (1990) describes
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Cognitive dissonance refers to any situation involving conflicting beliefs‚ attitudes‚ or behaviors. According to the text‚ A First Look at Communication Theory‚ cognitive dissonance is the distressing mental state that people feel when they find themselves doing things that don’t fit with what they know‚ or having opinions that do not fit with other opinions they hold. This produces a feeling of discomfort‚ which leads to a change in one of the beliefs‚ attitudes‚ or behaviors to reduce discomfort
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This reflective essay speaks about Educational Psychology‚ a good teacher‚ general principles of development‚ the brain and cognitive development‚ Piaget’s theory of cognitive development and Lev Vygotsky’s sociocultural perspective. Educational Psychology plays a very important role in our daily lives as it helps us to understand and develop strategies to improve the learning process. An effective teacher is one who is organized‚ not biased‚ patient‚ and flexible and knows how to teach medium
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Due to the extensive body of research that has been conducted on the effects in which bilingualism can have on cognitive ability‚ various studies have evidently suggested that children who learn a second language attain higher scores in regards to performance in various tasks throughout their development. One study in particular‚ conducted by Bonifacci‚ Giombini‚ Bellocchi and Contento (2011)‚ identified that bilingual and monolingual children did not differ from each other in elementary cognition
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an interesting class on the Three Approaches to Instruction. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. In my opinion you cannot use one approach alone. For some younger age children the Humanistic and Cognitive approach have to be incorporated with the Behavioural. According to The Cognitive approach‚ one needs prior knowledge and experience. For example‚ to be able to teach a class of kindergartners or first graders a teacher can see that the students do not have much prior knowledge or experiences
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Theme: The loss of faith in God. Thesis: In Night‚ cognitive dissonance correlates with the theme‚ a loss of faith‚ by using words written by Elie Wiesel. Evidence 1: A general example of cognitive dissonance in religion is believing that God does exist and it is important to pray. Even though that person believes it‚ that person does not pray or even mention the existence of God. Analysis: Cognitive dissonance is having inconsistent thoughts with beliefs and attitudes. The person knows right
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Cognitive development: Counting- The children will count in meaningful ways during free play. The way(s) this will be accomplished: Through the circle activity that contains different numbers. The objective of the activity is to match the appropriate amount of ice-cream stickers to the corresponding number. The children will have to successfully place the correct number of ice-cream stickers in the corresponding spot. The ice-cream cone activity will also need counting skills as the children need
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family or a group of people you feel comfortable with until you’re confident with what you are saying. Cognitive dissonance is something
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Bandura’s Social-Cognitive Theory The social-cognitive theory proposed by Albert Bandura (1925- ) has become the most influential theory of learning and development. It considers that people learn from one another‚ including such concepts as observational learning‚ imitation‚ and modeling. This theory explains human behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive‚ behavioral‚ and environmental influences. The four-step pattern of observational learning consists of: (1)
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META-COGNITIVE OBSERVATION The meta-cognitive observation was conducted to an 8 years old student in Grade II. Before asking the child to repeat the 10 words that I will say‚ I conducted an interview with the child. Usually‚ a child can not express their ideas easily. The most common words they use are “yes”‚ “no”‚ “I don’t know”. They also don’t do well in answering the question “why”. For example‚ when I asked the child question like “why do you like to read?” he answered “I don’t know‚ just
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