barrier to entry in an oligopoly is economies of scale. Economies of scale generally refer to the cost advantages that will be associated with large organizations. Margaretta (2012‚26) suggests that companies pursue economies of scale in the belief that this will be decisive in determining a competitive advantage and increased profitability. Woolworths enjoys significant economies of scale in relation to its competitors. In the supermarket industry‚ benefits of economies of scale is usually achieved by
Premium Supermarket Marketing Economics
The Planned Economy Key Characteristics What to Produce: Central Planning Committee (CPC) determines national priorities and implements 1 and 5 year plans How to Produce: CPC allocates resources to production managers so as to meet targets. Production carried out to meet the national interest‚ not profit. For Whom to Produce: Influenced by income levels but the CPC often determines those income levels as it also offered incentives for workers to do the more demanding jobs. Most often a sense of moral
Premium Economic system Planned economy
Global Economy‚Government balance 1997-2012 To analyse the past and the years after the global financial crisis in Denmark‚ we use the numbers from OECD updated in June 2011. Furthermore we compare the forecast for the Danish government balance with the forecast for the Euro area. The Danish government balance develops in a positive direction from 1997 up to 2000 from – 0‚6% up to 2‚2%. In year 1997 was the government balance at – 0‚6 %‚ which is the lowest point before 2009. This was the year
Premium European Union Unemployment Denmark
Development in Emerging Economies Business Development in Emerging Economies Coursework Coursework Contents A. In your opinion‚ what is the future of emerging economies? Support your answer with relevant evidence. (2000 words) 3 Introduction 4 What are emerging economies 4 Future of emerging economies 5 Microeconomic approach 6 Long-term economic perspectives 7 The “Euro” perspective 8 Facts about the future 9 Forecast 11 Opinion 12 Risks for emerging markets 12 B. Critically
Premium Developed country Emerging markets Developing country
References | 17 | Economic condition of Bangladesh: The economy of Bangladesh is a rapidly developing market-based economy. Its per capita income in 2010 was est. US$1‚700. According to the International Monetary Fund‚ Bangladesh ranked as the 44th largest economy in the world in 2011 in PPP terms and 57th largest in nominal terms‚ with a gross domestic product of US$269.3 billion in PPP terms and US$104.9 billion in nominal terms. The economy has grown at the rate of 6-7% per annum over the past few
Premium Gross domestic product Purchasing power parity Inflation
The underground economy consists of concealed legal economic activities undertaken to evade taxes or illegal economic activities (i.e.‚ trafficking‚ drugs‚ and prostitution) with unreported barter and cash transactions that take place outside recorded market channels. These types of barter and cash transactions are hard for government authorities to trace and are the lifeblood of the underground economy. These underground activities are often very productive and are not included in the gross domestic
Free Economics Economy Crime
I V E The Open Economy No nation was ever ruined by trade. — Benjamin Franklin Even if you never leave your home town‚ you are an active participant in a global economy.When you go to the grocery store‚ for instance‚ you might choose between apples grown locally and grapes grown in Chile. When you make a deposit into your local bank‚ the bank might lend those funds to your next-door neighbor or to a Japanese company building a factory outside Tokyo. Because our economy is integrated with
Premium International trade Investment Macroeconomics
ENGINEERING ECONOMY Presented By Dr. Ali Ahsan My Introduction Your Introduction Name GPA Where do you wish to see your self after 10 years? The course design The benefits of the course The course outline Teaching method and requirement from students Yahoo group Photocopier Books Course Material Assignments Quiz Class Participation Presentation Exams Stationery Requirements Calculators Reading Lecture timings Chapter 1 Why Engineering Economy is important to Engineers (and other
Premium Corporation Types of business entity Limited liability company
DN: cn=TeAM YYePG‚ c=US‚ o=TeAM YYePG‚ ou=TeAM YYePG‚ email=yyepg@msn.com Reason: I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Date: 2005.05.07 14:28:47 +08’00’ Digital Economy: Impacts‚ Influences and Challenges Harbhajan S. Kehal Varinder P. Singh IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING i Digital Economy: Impacts‚ Influences and Challenges Harbhajan S. Kehal University of Western Sydney‚ Australia Varinder P. Singh University of Western Sydney‚ Australia IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING Hershey
Free Information society Electronic commerce Economics
the Desk of the Author 22 Indian Economy : A Few Facts : At a Glance 29 Important Facts Related to Indian Economy National Income of India 90 Concepts of National Income 91 Methods of Measuring National Income 91 CSO Releases National Income-Related Estimates for 2009-10 and 2010-11 92 PMEAC’s Review of the Economy 2010-11 93 Estimates of National Income in India Some Aspects of Indian Economy 72 Underdeveloped Country 72 Salient Features of Indian Economy 73 Important Infrastructural Components
Premium World Bank World Trade Organization Bank