ALTERNATIVE MARKET STRUCTURES It is traditional to divide industries to categories according to the degree of competition that exists between the firms within the industry. There are four such categories. At one extreme is perfect competition‚ where there are many firms competing. Each firm is so small relative to the whole industry that it has no market power to influence price. It is a price taker. At the other extreme is monopoly‚ where there is just one firm in the industry‚ and hence no competition
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there is a threat of bird flu which is a deadly disease spreading among chickens‚ the demand for chickens will decrease and the demand curve will shift to the left as shown in the figure 1. As a result‚ the equilibrium market price will decrease from P1 to P2 and the equilibrium market quantity will decrease from Q1 to Q2 in the short run. Q.5.1 b) Figure 2: As the poultry in country X is perfectly competitive with the supply of chicken coming from both domestic firms and farms located
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In a oligopolic market structure‚ there are a few interdependent firms that change their prices according to their competitors. Ex: If Coca Cola changes their price‚ Pepsi is also likely to. Characteristics: Few interdependent firms A few barriers to entry Products are similar‚ but firms try to differentiate them There is branding and advertising Imperfect knowledge (where customers don’t know the best price or availability) To compete or collaborate? Since firms are interdependent‚ they
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Introduction By the late- 1990s fast-food chain McDonalds had enjoyed 40 years of exceptional performance. McDonald’s brand mission is to be a customers’ favorite place and way to eat. McDonald’s worldwide operations are aligned around a global strategy called the Plan to Win‚ which center on an exceptional customer experience – People‚ Products‚ Place‚ Price and Promotion. They are committed to continuously improving theirs operations and enhancing customers’ experience. McDonalds place the customer
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Oligopoly In a oligopoly market structure‚ there are a few interdependent firms that change their prices according to their competitors. Ex: If Coca Cola changes their price‚ Pepsi is also likely to. Characteristics: * Few interdependent firms * A few barriers to entry * Products are similar‚ but firms try to differentiate them * There is branding and advertising * Imperfect knowledge (where customers don’t know the best price or availability) Revenue Curves Total Revenue
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optimize price. It is an organization with a very desirable position in the world; very few companies can experience the opportunity to determine their own prices without loosing significantly market share. OPEC is considered a Monopolistic-Cartel type of organization. Firm’s demand curve This type of structure has the advantage that while increasing oil prices may shift the demand curve. The model allows backstop technology and tariffs on oil imports; therefore‚ the imposition of tariffs to importing
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Case Study: The Home Depot Data Breach 1. Security Problem/Incident The theft of payment card information has become a common issue in today’s society. Even after the lessons learned from the Target data breach‚ Home Depot’s Point of Sale systems were compromised by similar exploitation methods. The use of stolen third-party vendor credentials and RAM scraping malware were instrumental in the success of both data breaches. Home Depot has taken multiple steps to recover from its data breach‚ one of
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CHAPTER 1 The Importance of Business Ethics SUMMARY This chapter provides an overview of the field of business ethics. It develops a definition of business ethics and discusses why it has become an important topic in business education. It also examines the evolution of business ethics in North America and explores the benefits of ethical decision making in business. Finally‚ the chapter provides a framework for examining business ethics in this text. LECTURE OUTLINE I. Business Ethics
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profit. * Management decision making application‚ include pricing and planning. Costs of alternative methods of production are useful in planning the most efficient method of production. Costs of alternative options for a product suggested by market research are necessary to determine whether it is profitable. Inventories – manufacturing and non - manufacturing * Manufacturing and non - manufacturing business entities engage in many of the same selling and administrative activities such
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In a world where most retailers are categorized as having a monopolistic competition market structure‚ Wal-Mart Stores Inc. appears to have an oligopoly market structure. Nevertheless‚ because there are far too many retailers to deal with‚ then they also have a monopolistic competition market structure. Regardless‚ Wal-Mart would rather have it this way because it has not hurt them at all by having competition. When Wal-Mart Stores Inc. opened its doors to their first discount store in 1962‚ Sam
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