PHILOSOPHY Philosophy is divided into many sub-fields. These include epistemology‚ logic‚ metaphysics‚ ethics‚ and aesthetics. Epistemology is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge‚ such as the relationships between truth‚ belief‚ and theories of justification. Logic is the study of the principles of correct reasoning. Metaphysics is the study of the most general features of reality‚ such as existence‚ time‚ the relationship between mind and body‚ objects and their properties‚ wholes
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their own theories. Through various means each arrives at their own personal moral theories‚ for Bentham it’s his teleological moral theory answered through the use of the principle of utility and the hedonistic calculus (Bentham 126-132). As for Kant it would be his deontological theory that’s answered through the categorical imperative using the maxim to create a universal law (Kant
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Can our perception of reality be trusted? Reality and the importance of our sensory apparatuses are analyzed by two famous philosophers Descartes and Hume. Descartes’s “Meditations on First Philosophy” and Hume’s “Treatise of Human Nature” focus on the reliability of their overall search for knowledge based off of their experiences. On one hand‚ French philosopher‚ Rene Descartes‚ fails to trust the reliability of his senses due to his belief that an outside force could be manipulating his perception
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Philosophy 101 Final Paper: Answer to five Questions on Castell and Borchert’s Introduction to Modern Philosophy‚ 4th ed. (Pearson-Macmillan‚ 1983). Question #1: Why does Hume think that the “design” in nature cannot prove God’s existence? Answer: One of the most common reasons why people say they believe in God is that the universe seems to have been intentionally designed. Hume observes that while we may perceive two events that seem to occur in conjunction‚ there is no way for us to
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an important break from other logicians in putting forward a morality that does not include a higher being or god‚ for a man to identify his moral duty. Our fine sense does not tell us what something is morally wrong. According to Hume‚ the moral theory was based on his belief only reason can never cause action. What is going on well our five-sense convey sensory information to our mind and we get bad feelings‚ or we may not but in many cases‚ we will get a bad feeling‚ so we see something happened
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Ⅰ.Introduction A. Thesis There are so many different philosophies and religions‚ and they greatly influence people’s life. In this paper‚ I am going to introduce and define the representatives of the Western philosophy such as Plato’s metaphysical Dualism and Chinese philosophy like Daoism. And I am going to compare these philosophies and explain the difference between them. Ⅱ. Dualism A. Explain Plato’s metaphysical Dualism Plato’s Dualism divided the reality into two different realms of existence
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The issue of knowledge is definitely an essential part in philosophy. It forces us to question whether we are certain of the things we think we know‚ and whether we can justify the things we know are actually true. This theory or study of knowledge can be referred to as epistemology. All these views on knowledge can vary depending on how we view the world itself. We are able to perceive the world through the application of our senses‚ however‚ our senses alone can be very deceiving. We can never
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the ‘philosophy of swine’ objection a telling criticism of Utilitarian theory? Why or why not?” Philosophy of swine. This was mentioned by Mill criticizing Bentham’s utilitarianism. Before looking at Mill’s criticism‚ historical background of the birth of utilitarianism should be discussed ahead. Utilitarianism arose in the Industrial Revolution period. As nations became industrialized in the eighteenth century‚ bourgeois: an industrial middle class‚ appeared demanding new political and economic
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Items: The Enlightenment Essay Questions: 1. The structure of a discipline can perhaps be expressed in terms of its composition. The principal components of economics today would certainly include microeconomics (price theory)‚ macroeconomics (national income theory)‚ and quantitative economics (mathematical economics and econometrics). What would you say was the structure of classical economics? What were its principal components? How is modern economics related to its classical predecessor
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dream? There are many theories and interpretation of why are we dreaming. We usually dream at our REM sleep which is the period of Rapid Eye Movement. But we do dream at NREM sleep as well‚ Non Rapid Eye Movement. Our brain will still be functioning while we were asleep. The common psychological theories of dream are from Sigmund Freud¡¦s ¡§Wish Fulfillment¡¨ and Allan Hobson and Robert McCarley¡¦s ¡§Activation-synthesis¡¨. Sigmund Freud¡¦s dream theory is mainly stating that
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