Utilitarianism: Bentham – Hedonic Calculus Bentham was a hedonist – he believed that pleasure is good in itself‚ and other things are good in so far as they bring about pleasure and the absence of pain. “Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters‚ pain and pleasure.” You could work out which action to perform by calculating which option brought about the greatest amount of pleasure: Duration – how long does the pleasure last? Remoteness – how distant is the pleasure?
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Introduction The ethical theories of ethical egoism‚ Kantian ethics and utilitarianism are very interesting in comparison to one another. Ethical egoism and utilitarianism are as different as night and day‚ one is all about self-sacrifice for the greater good while the other is all about serving your own self interests. Finally Kantian ethics is all about doing your duty‚ who it benefits‚ whether yourself or others is inconsequential. These three ethical theories have little in common and they are
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Compare and contrast the differences between the psychosocial developmental perspectives of behaviorism and cognitive theory. Cognitive concerns itself with the thought process behind behavior‚ whereas behavior concerns its self with observable behavior. Cognitive works with stuff like decision making and memories. Behaviorism says that we learn by “trial and error” that certain actions are associated with certain consequences. The only two things that cognitive and behaviorism have in common is
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167). The seemingly contradictory ideas of following the Bible‚ which to the Protestant Christian would be the ultimate authority‚ complete with laws‚ restrictions‚ commands‚ etc.‚ and relying on the individual to choose what is wrong and right in a situation‚ highlights the shortcoming of trying to categorize a religion’s virtue. In many cases‚ virtue is much more complicated than a label would allow‚ which also leads to the idea of duty ethic and virtue ethic overlapping and working together within
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Ethics Essay First Last Name ETH/316 March 26‚ 2013 Instructor This essay will discuss ethics and why ethics is vital to an organization. From the very first day our parents taught why ethics is critical to how individuals are looked upon as citizens. The same ethics and moral principles taught to each person in the home is the same principles that organizations should strive to emphasize to their employees. To begin one must look at virtue ethics. Virtue ethics comes with characteristics
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Ethics Essay ETH/316 Dr. Jody Kehle October 31‚ 2013 Ethics Essay The comparison in the similarities and differences between virtue theory‚ utilitarianism‚ and deontological ethics explains how an individual handles moral and ethical issues on a daily basis. Virtual theory uses the judgment of ones character rather than ones actions. The individual’s morals‚ reputation‚ and motivation are some of the factors used in this theory to help determine ones character. This theory does not
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Tiffany Russell 1/27/13 Consequentialism‚ Deontology‚ and Virtue Ethics The philosophies of consequentialism‚ deontology‚ and virtue ethics are guidelines for decision making that utilize very different theories of how an ethical dilemma should be approached. Consequentialism is a philosophy that asks whether or not the end justifies the means. “In other words‚ an act and therefore a decision is ethical if its favorable consequences outweigh its negative consequences” (Brooks‚ 2007‚ p. 329)
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In Lorraine Hansberry’s play‚ A Raisin in the Sun‚ the similarities and differences among Benetha and Mr. Linder emphasize that in order to progress in any given situation all perspectives need to be taken into mind. While Mr. Linder tells the family he wants to buy the house back from them‚ he says to them‚ describing the ones living in the area‚ "They’re not rich and fancy people; just hardworking‚ honest people who don’t really have much but those little homes and dreams of the kind of community
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Businesses are completely incompatible with virtue ethics. Discuss. Business ethics is concerned with how well a business treats its stakeholders and whether a business’s actions are seen as ethical. Within business ethics there are three approaches which could be adopted. The first approach is that a business’s main goal could be to maximise profits and nothing more‚ where the ethics of the business wouldn’t necessarily be important. This view is supported by Milton Friedman. Secondly‚ some ethicists
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Explain the difference between absolutist and relativist ethics. The Absolutist theory is the theory that certain things are right or wrong from an objective point of view and cannot change according to culture. Certain actions are intrinsically right or wrong‚ which means they are right or wrong in themselves. This is also known as deontological. The relativist theory is the theory that there are no universally valid moral principles. All principles and values are relative to a particular culture
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