The Seven Layers of the OSI Model Kevin Ludwig Bryant and Stratton College TECH 140 Khaled Sabha 12.08.2009 There are seven layers in the OSI model. Each layer has a function or purpose that is used to set up a network. The International Organization for Standardization began to develop the OSI framework in 1984. The purpose was to have each layer interact with the layer directly beneath it. The layers are starting from the top: Application‚ Presentation‚ Session‚ Transport‚ Network
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History of the OSI Reference Model Looking at the origins of the OSI Reference Model takes us back to several issues that were discussed in the Networking Fundamentals chapter of this Guide; specifically‚ I am talking about standards and standards organizations. The idea behind the creation of networking standards is to define widely-accepted ways of setting up networks and connecting them together. The OSI Reference Model represented an early attempt to get all of the various hardware and software
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Reginald Monroe-@02516632 Summary of OSI layers & Security OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection and it was developed by the Europeans in the 1980’s. OSI is divided into two major fields‚ an abstract model of networking and a set of defined protocols. The seven layers of the OSI basic reference model are listed and defined below (from bottom to top): 1. The Physical Layer – this layer describes the physical components of the various communications media‚ it also includes the electrical
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popularity of TCP/IP? The factors that account for the success and popularity of TCP/IP are integrated addressing system‚ design for routing‚ underlying network independence‚ scalability‚ open standards and development process‚ and university. TCP/IP includes within it a system for identifying and addressing devices on both small and large networks. Unlike some network layer protocols‚ TCP/IP is specifically designed to facilitate the routing of info over a network of arbitrary complexity. TCP/IP operates
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There are differences between the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Looking at UDP this protocol is unreliable and does not create a connection to the summoning application. TCP however does provide a reliable connection. This protocol also has an added bonus where any errors that are found during transmission will be retransmitted‚ which means that this protocol endeavours to make error checks (Kurose J‚ Ross K‚ 2013). Most of the traffic that is carried over
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OSI Model This memorandum will attempt to explain the Open Systems Interconnection Model‚ known more simply as the OSI Model. The OSI Model has seven levels‚ and these levels will be discussed in detail. Particular mention will be made to which level TCP/IP functions with the OSI Model. The seven levels of the OSI Model are as follows: 7) Application: Provides different services to the applications. 6) Presentation: Converts the information. 5) Session: Handles problems which are not communication
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Cavite State University Indang‚ Cavite CHAPTER 1 Understanding Learning and Acquisition of Knowledge Reported by: Aquino‚ Jester Ruth Eliseo‚ Ma. Teresa Rogelio‚ Rossette Anne Valencia‚ Leo Eliza Submitted to: Dr. Alicia M. Rodrin Professor EDUC 38 CHAPTER 1 Understanding Learning and Acquisition of Knowledge Introduction Educators have realized that for
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Abstract Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the utmost universally protocol that is used on the Internet. The cause on behalf of this is that TCP gives fault rectification. An assurance of conveyance is tantamount with TCP. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data‚ TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data‚ “called packets” that a message is divided into four efficient routing through the Internet. This is accredited fundamentally in reference to
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_____________________________________________________________ Application Note _____________________________________________________________ IP Addressing A Simplified Tutorial July 2002 COMPAS ID 92962 Avaya Labs 1 All information in this document is subject to change without notice. Although the information is believed to be accurate‚ it is provided without guarantee of complete accuracy and without warranty of any kind. It is the user’s responsibility to verify and test
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Performance Analysis of TCP Variants Sanjay Rajashekhar (91sanjay@ccs.neu.edu) Tiantong Deng (dtt@ccs.neu.edu) Ganesh Aithal Parampalli Narayana (ganeshpn@ccs.neu.edu) Abstract— TCP is the main and most widely used transport protocol for reliable communication. Because of its widespread need‚ researchers have been studying and proposing new TCP variants trying to improve its behavior towards queuing and congestion to make it use the most available bandwidth while preserving a logical level
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