Formation of an Alkene by Alcohol Dehydration Lab Report Balanced Chemical Equation for the Main Reaction Mechanism The acid-catalyzed dehydration of secondary and tertiary alcohols involves non-isolable carbocation intermediaries. In the first step of the of the reaction mechanism below‚ a phosphoric acid catalyst adds a proton to the oxygen atom of the alcohol to form an oxonium ion. The OH is converted to a better leaving group as the positive charge on the oxygen weakens the carbon-oxygen
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SN2 reaction occurs in a single step. The nucleophile simultaneously attaches to the substrate as the leaving group leaves. The reaction displays second-order kinetics; its rate is proportional to the concentrations of the both the substrate and the nucleophile. In a SN1 reaction‚ the first step is departure of the leaving group from the substrate to form a carbocation(rate-determing); the second step the carbocation rapidly attacked by a nucleophile.
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1. Summarize your competing from Christianity. Competing form of Christianity: Marcionism. One competing form of Christianity is Marcionism. This religious movement was founded by Marcion of Sinope‚ who was a wealthy ship builder‚ raised as a Christian and whose father was a bishop. Marcion separated from Christianity around 144a.d. after being excommunicated from the church. At that time‚ he expressed views inconsistent with the underlying premise of Christianity. Marcionites are of the belief there
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1. Why are spindle fibers important for mitosis? (5 points) Spindle fibers work as a path for chromosomes to travel(Campbell‚ 2009). 2. State the four bases that make up DNA. (4 points) a. (A)-Adenine b. (G)-Guanine c. (T)-Thymine d. (C)-Cytosine (Campbell‚ 2009). 3. What are the two base pairs? (2 points) a. AG b. CT 4. Answer the following questions: a. Define the term crossing over. (3 points) The phase in meiosis where chromosomes exchange segments of genetic materials (Campbell‚ 2009). b. Explain
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Synthesis of Tetraphenylcylopentadienone Post-Lab Report Purpose- This experiment illustrates the use of adol condensation for the synthesis of a five-membered carbocylic ring. It is also a good demonstration of the impact extended conjugation has on the absorption of visible light. The reactants are bright yellow in color while the products are a very deep purple color appearing almost black. Introduction- The synthesis of Tetraphanylcyclopentadienone was a further example of the adol
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Title: Studying SN1 and SN2 Reactions: Nucleophilic Substitutions at the saturated carbon Lab Partner: Jeszie Geronimo Objective and purpose: the purpose of this experiment is to convert a primary alcohol to an alkyl bromide using a Sn2 Reaction. Investigate some factors that influence the rate of Sn1 reactions. The second part of this lab will focus more on how unlike factors influence the rate of reactions in anSN1 reactions. The factors that we will be inspecting are the leaving groups‚ Cl-
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The purpose of lab number thirteen was to examine the response of the daphnia to a chemical stimulant. Also examined was how human resting heart rates differed from the daphnia’s. Stimulants are any substances that raise the levels of activity in the body. Stimulants could be a number of things such as physical or chemical. Physical stimulus usually deal with something that affects the five senses such as sight‚ hearing these could be attributed to loud noises or too much light going into your eye
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Margaret E. Vorndam‚ M.S. Version 42-0038-00-01 Lab Report Assistant This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions‚ diagrams if needed‚ and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate students’ writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable
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Abby Goldschmidt Honors Biology 2° Mrs. Gempel September 3‚ 2015 Daphnia Lab Results Paper Abstract The goal of the study was to observe the effects of multiple chemicals on a Daphnia magna’s heart-rate compared to a control (pond water). The different chemicals were caffeine and alcohol. The heart-rate was the main variable in this experiment. The Daphnia’s heart-rate was observed for 15 seconds and then multiplied by 4 to show its heart-rate in one minute. This was repeated 4 times for each
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Conor Westerman LAB 7 1. List whether the student was positive or negative for each characteristic and include whether the characteristic is dominant or recessive. (6 points) a. Blood type A+ b. Widow’s peak yes‚ + c. Free ear lobes yes‚ + d. Tongue rolling yes‚ + e. Hitchhiker’s thumb yes‚ + f. Left thumb dominance yes‚ + g. Little finger bend No‚- h. PTC taster yes‚ + i. Mid-digit hair no‚ - j. Facial dimples yes‚ + k. Freckles no‚ - l. Cleft chin no‚ - (+)=dominant (-)=recessive 2. Can the student
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