STATE AUDITING IN THE PHILIPPINES Reported by: MYRLA P. SEDENIO RUTH C. TACUJAN A. OBJECTIVES I. To Discuss the State Audit System 2. To Identify Issues and Limitations of Government Auditing 3. To Discuss the Measurement of Government Performance B. INTRODUCTION The Philippine Constitution emphasizes the importance of accountability in the government. Article XI simply and bluntly begins: “Public office is a public trust‚” before it adds that officials and employees
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The future of auditing Called to account The auditing industry has yet to recover from the damage inflicted by an era of corporate scandals Nov 18th 2004 |From the print edition * * NO ONE becomes an auditor because the job is adventurous. In recent years‚ however‚ the profession has been really rather racy. Auditors have been implicated in fraud after fraud. The Enron scandal brought down Arthur Andersen‚ which had been one of the profession ’s five giant firms. Now a scandal at
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A professional judgment is a key factor in auditing. As a result of development of auditing and accounting industry‚ especially after a series of accounting fraud and auditing failure cases‚ such as Enron and Arthur Andersen‚ in the last decade‚ professional judgments is becoming a more and more important aspect for the independent auditing industry. Recently‚ many countries and professional bad issued more strict auditing standards to emphasize to this point. It means the auditor should be required
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NATURE of AUDITING‚ ATTESTATION AND ASSURANCE SERVICES Let us understand a few terminologies before going further in the discussion of the details of auditing and assurance since these terms will be used often throughout the text. Auditing‚ attestation and assurance services are often used interchangeably because they encompass the same decision-process: defining the decision problem‚ defining the alternative choices‚ identifying and obtaining information relevant to the decision problem‚ evaluating
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Mens Rea and delegated legislation Alexandra StoicaMens rea: the guilty mind of the defendant The difference between s18 and s20 of the Offences against the person act 1861 is the mens rea required. Mens rea must be distinguished from motive. Motive can be relevant in some crimes. Intention: can be direct or indirect (oblique) Direct intention- this occurs where the consequence is the defendant’s aim or purpose. An example is Mohan 1976. The defendants deliberately attacked the victim. The resulting
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Angus can be charged with constructive murder of Chris under section 3A (1) of the Crimes Act 1958 ‚ but the prosecution must prove all the elements of the offence beyond a reasonable doubt. ACTUS REUS The actus reus requirement for murder is that Angus caused the death of a human being and that his actions were voluntary. Chris‚ a human being‚ was an innocent customer who entered the service station and was struck by a bullet from the gun which Angus was holding; he dies as a result of this strike
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Auditing and Assurance Services‚ 14e (Arens) Chapter 24 Completing the Audit Learning Objective 24-1 1) Auditors often integrate procedures for presentation and disclosure objectives with: A) Tests for planning objectives Tests for balance-related objectives Yes Yes B) Tests for planning objectives Tests for balance-related objectives No No C) Tests for planning objectives Tests for balance-related objectives Yes No D) Tests for planning objectives Tests for balance-related
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does the issues and complications associated with the process. The auditing process is a major part of Accounting. The issues about ethics in relation to Accounting process are becoming a more serious problem in today’s world. The Accounting process is highly sensitive‚ because it deals with what many people consider one of the most important thing in life: “money” Accounting incorporates a variety of functions- such as auditing- in which activities must be carried out with utmost care‚ adequacy
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1Chapter 26 Internal and Governmental Financial Auditing and Operational Auditing Review Questions 26-1 Internal auditors who perform financial auditing are responsible for evaluating whether their company’s internal controls are designed and operating effectively and whether the financial statements are fairly presented. This responsibility is essentially the same as the responsibility of external auditors who perform financial audits. The two types of auditors are also similar in that
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Auditing is a systematic process of objectively obtaining and evaluating evidence regarding assertions about economic actions and events to ascertain the degree of correspondence between those assertions and established criteria and communicating the results to interested users (Boynton & Johnson‚ 2006). In auditing there are many attributes that describes the auditor’s work. Elements of the Generally Accepted Auditing Standards are followed by auditors. The Generally Accepted Auditing Standards
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