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    DETERMINATION OF COPPER BY COMPLEXATION‚ SOLVENT-EXTRACTION AND SPECTROPHOTOMETRY ABSTRACT To determine the concentration of copper in an unknown solution by using copper complexation‚ solvent extraction and spectrophotometry. Standards are used to create a calibration curve and the unknown concentration of copper is then calculated by using the linear equation from the calibration curve. The concentration of copper in the unknown solution 201 was found to be 12.57± 0.25 μg/mL. INTRODUCTION Copper

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    How water is purified in water treatment plants Pre-treatment 1. Pumping and containment – The majority of water must be pumped from its source or directed into pipes or holding tanks. To avoid adding contaminants to the water‚ this physical infrastructure must be made from appropriate materials and constructed so that accidental contamination does not occur. 2. Screening (see also screen filter) – The first step in purifying surface water is to remove large debris such as sticks‚ leaves

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    Spectrophotometric Determination of an Equilibrium Constant Introduction: In this experiment‚ you will study the reaction between aqueous iron (III) nitrate‚ Fe(NO3)3‚ and potassium thiocyanate‚ KSCN. They react to produce the blood-red complex [Fe(SCN)]2+. Fe3+ + SCN- ( [Fe(SCN)]2+ The equilibrium constant expression may be expressed as: K = [pic] You will prepare a series of standard solutions that contain known concentrations of [Fe(SCN)]2+ and will determine

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    Determination of Concentration of Potassium Hydroxide Weigh boat 0.87g Weigh boat + Sulphamic acid 3.29g Weigh boat after transfer 0.87g Sulphamic acid 2.42g   | Trial | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | Start | 3.00 | 3.20 | 5.20 | 18.55 | 1.90 | 14.65 | Finish | 17.35 | 18.10 | 18.10 | 31.50 | 14.65 | 27.65 | Titre | 14.35 | 14.90 | 14.90 | 12.95 | 12.75 | 13.00 | Average titre = 12.90cm3 NH2SO3H + KOH – NH2SO3K + H20 Sulphamic Acid Standard Solution Moles from mass

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    Stream water quality

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    CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1.1 Introduction Water is a very important resource‚ it is one of the most vital natural resources for all life on Earth‚ water is a unique and clear liquid without it life is impossible. Water occurs on earth in 3 physical states; which are solid‚ liquid and gaseous state and in form of rain‚ snow and ice and it forms rivers‚ lakes and seas. Water covers about 71% of the entire earth surface‚ yet despite its abundant deposit it is not readily

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    Canada was about determination. Julilly always had determination even in the worst of times. When Julilly was taken away from her mother she still had the determination to be free. Also when she was being beat at the Riley Plantation she still had the determination to be free in Canada. Even when Julilly found out her friend had died she still had the determination to be free. Throughout all the times where it seemed that nothing could go worse she still found the determination to escape‚ to become

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    Solubility Product Determination Purpose • To determine the solubility product constant‚ Ksp‚ of an ionic compound. Introduction The solubility product constant‚ Ksp‚ is a particular type of equilibrium constant. The equilibrium is formed when an ionic solid dissolves in water to form a saturated solution. The equilibrium exists between the aqueous ions and the undissolved solid. A saturated solution contains the maximum concentration of ions of the substance that can dissolve at

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    Acid Determination of Vitamin C Tablets and Salt Solutions Chem 1290-016 03-05-2010 ------------------------------------------------- Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to use acid-base titrations to find the mass percent of ascorbic acid in a Vitamin C tablet. A known concentration of sodium hydroxide was used and the value found was compared to the stated amount of ascorbic acid listed on the vitamin container. Also in this lab the acidity of different salt solutions were tested using

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    university of ibADAN DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING DETERMINATION OF REFRACTIVE INDEX OF CRUDE OIL TPE 527 PETROLEUM ENGINEERING LAB. 111 NUESIRI ESEOGHENE ANITA 151419 11/21/2014 LABORATORY REPORT SUBMITTED TO DR.S.O ISEHUNWA Department of Petroleum Engineering‚ Faculty of Technology‚ University of Ibadan‚ Ibadan. 20th November‚ 2014 The head of department

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    121 Experiment 19 Molar Mass Determination y Depression of the Freezing Point Introduction: The most commonly used liquid is water. In this experiment we study the equilibria that can exist between pure water and an aqueous solution‚ and ice‚ the solid form of water. The heat will transfer from a higher temperature to a lower temperature. In order for water to change states of matter‚ it takes a certain amount of kinetic energy or heat. The shift from ice to water (solid to a liquid) is called

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