Link reaction The link reaction takes place in the mitochondrial matrix and its main function is to turn the pyruvate into acetate for the kerb cycle. During the link reaction the pyruvate molecule undergoes decarboxylation and dehydrogenation‚ the enzymes pyruvate decarboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase remove the carboxyl group (which becomes a carbon dioxide molecule) and removes the hydrogen atoms from the pyruvate molecule. The coenzyme NAD accepts the two hydrogen atoms and becomes reduced
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Redox Titration Lab ABSTRACT: In this lab‚ 0.010 M purple-colored potassium permanganate solution was standardized by redox titration with iron (II) ammonium sulfate hexahydrate (FAS). The average mass of the three flasks of FAS was 0.483 grams. Once the concentration of the standard solution of KMnO4 (aq) was determined‚ it was used to determine the concentration of Fe2+ in iron pills. On average‚ there was 0.01813 L of solution used. With this information and the balanced net-ionic equation
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the value of the sum for Reaction 1 and Reaction 2’s change in temperature‚ compared to Reaction 3’s change in temperature. Reaction 1 was the dissolution of solid sodium hydroxide in water with a ΔH°rxn of -47047 J/mol‚ Reaction 2 was the neutralization of liquid sodium hydroxide with HCl with a ΔH°rxn of -31289 J/mol and Reaction 3 was the dissolution and neutralization of solid NaOH with HCl with a ΔH°rxn of -91000 J/mol. Consequently‚ the sum of Reaction 1 and Reaction 2 was -78336 J/mol‚ similar
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Examples of synthesis reactions: 1. Metal + oxygen → metal oxide EX. 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s) 2. Nonmetal + oxygen → nonmetallic oxide EX. C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) 3. Metal oxide + water → metallic hydroxide EX. MgO(s) + H2O(l) → Mg(OH)2(s) 4. Nonmetallic oxide + water → acid EX. CO2(g) + H2O(l) → ; H2CO3(aq) 5. Metal + nonmetal → salt EX. 2 Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s) 6. A few nonmetals combine with each other. EX. 2P(s) + 3Cl2(g) →
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Determination of Iron by Reaction with Permanganate-A Redox Titration Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to find the percentage of iron in an unknown iron oxide sample which could be determined through titration with a standard solution of potassium permanganate. Success in this analysis requires careful preparation and attention to detail. Performing this experiment also provides practice at titrations. The overall reaction is: 8H+(aq) + MnO4-(aq) + 5e- Mn2+(aq) + 4H2O Theory:
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Redox Problem Set 1: Reactions and Stoichiometry (All of these questions are no calculator friendly) 1) Give the oxidation number of carbon in each of the following: a) b) c) d) CF2Cl2 Na2C2O4 HCO3-1 C2H6 2) Give the oxidation number of sulphur in each of the following: a) b) c) d) SOCl2 H2S2 H2SO3 Na2S 3) Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents in each of the following: a) b) c) d) 8H+(aq) + 6Cl-1(aq) + Sn(s) + 4NO3-1(aq) SnCl6 -2(aq) + 4NO2(g) + 4H2O(l) 2MnO4-1(aq) + 10Cl-1(aq) + 16H+(aq)
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The total protein content was estimated as proposed by Lowry et al. A bovine serum albumin stock solution (1mg/ml) was prepared in sodium hydroxide (1N). Five different concentrations (0.2‚ 0.4‚ 0.6‚ 0.8‚ 1 ml) of the prepared solution were taken in different test tubes. In another set of test tubes‚ 0.1 and 0.2 ml of the extract were taken. In each test tube‚ the volume was made up to 1 ml‚ followed by addition of the prepared alkaline solution (5 ml) at room temperature. The solutions were left
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Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to determine the rate equation for the “Iodine Clock Reaction” experiment. The experiment will consider the equations 〖2I〗^-+S_2 O_8→2〖〖SO〗_4〗^(2-)+I_2 and I_2+2〖S_2 O_3〗^(2-)→2I^-+S_4 O_6 in order to determine the rate law of Rate=k[〖〖S_2 O_8〗^(2-)]〗^a 〖[I^-]〗^b by using the experimental data to calculate the values of exponents a and b as well as the rate constant k. Experimental Supplies Needed: 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask‚ 100 mL beaker‚ graduated
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Chemical Reactions Lab Objectives: 1. To examine a variety of reactions including precipitation‚ acid-base‚ gas forming‚ and oxidation-reduction reactions. 2. To identify the products formed in these reactions and summarize the chemical changes in terms of balanced chemical equations and net ionic equations. 3. To identify the species being oxidized and reduced in oxidation-reduction reactions and determine which species is the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. Chemical equations represent
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table above‚ the mass of penny‚ copper‚ and zinc was needed in order to determine the percent composition of copper and zinc. The mass of penny was taken on the scale in the beginning of the procedure before anything was done to the penny‚ and it was 2.51 grams. After the reaction with the hydrochloric acid and drying the copper‚ the mass is 0.35 grams. To get the mass of zinc‚ the mass of the penny was subtracted by the mass of copper. The mass of zinc is 2.16 grams. The penny is 14% copper and 86%
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