DETERMINING RATIO DECIDENDI – EFFICACY OF WAMBAUGH’S TEST I. INTRODUCTION Judicial precedents are an important sources of law. They are the former judgements of the superior courts which the judges in common law countries are bound to follow. This bindingness of previous decisions on the lower courts is partly due to high status which the judges enjoyed in England and also partly because of the importance of the issues which they decided. Judicial decisions were given a high authority as
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Current Ratio: The current ratio gauges how capable a business is in paying current liabilities by using current assets only. Current ratio is also called the working capital ratio. A general rule of thumb for the current ratio is 2 to 1. However‚ an industry average may be a better standard than this rule of thumb. So‚ according to the information that we got‚ in 2007 Beximco Pharmaceutical’s current ratio was 1.80 which declined to 1.10 in 2008 and ultimately in 2009 it boosted up to 2.97‚ that
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| JOLLIBEE FOODS CORPORATION | COMMON SIZE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIO ANALYSIS | | RUFIN‚ MA. URIKA C.2008103114FIN102DEAN MAURICE SABIOSY2010-2011 | | | RATIO ANALYSIS | 1.) EARNINGS PER SHARE | | | | | | | | | EPS= | NET INCOME - PREFERRED DIVIDENDS | | | | AVE. NO. OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING | | | | | | | | | NET INCOME | OUTSTANDING SHARES | | | 3‚637‚297‚943 | 2010 | 1‚053‚438‚818 | | | | 2009 | 1‚051‚458‚156 | | | |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 MANAGERIAL FINANCE: 3 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ANALYSIS: 3 RATIO ANALYSIS: 3 FAUJI CEMENT BALANCE SHEET AND PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT 4 RATIO ANALYSIS: 9 INTRODUCTION MANAGERIAL FINANCE: • Managerial finance is concerned with the duties of the financial manager in the business firm. • The financial manager actively manages the financial affairs of any type of business‚ whether private or public‚ large or small‚ profit-seeking or not-for-profit
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Coursework Ratio Analysis of Tesco and Sainsbury Introduction This report details the results of a ratio analysis of two of the largest retailers in the UK: Sainsbury and Tesco based on their audited financial statements for the financial years ending 2011‚ 2012‚ and 2013. The two companies are compared with each other based on their profitability and liquidity ratios. This report then critically interprets the results of the ratio analysis calculations and then discusses the weaknesses of ratio analysis
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ANALYSIS FOR INSIDERS RATIOS 1. Manufacturing Cost per Unit The ratio demonstrated that how much Polycon is spending in producing one unit. It helps business owners determine when they’ll turn a profit and helps them price their products with that in mind. It provides a dynamic overview of the relationships among revenues‚ costs and profits As little as company incurs on producing one unit‚ it will goes to the company’s goodwill. In order to review the ratio under consideration‚ it has been
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GROUP 1 REPORT FINANCIAL RATIOS Financial ratios are useful indicators of a firm’s performance and financial situation. Most ratios can be calculated from information provided by the financial statements. Financial ratios can be used to analyze trends and to compare the firm’s financials to those of other firms. In some cases‚ ratio analysis can predict future bankruptcy. SOURCES OF DATA FOR FINANCIAL RATIOS Balance Sheet Income Statement Statement of Cash Flows Statement of Retained
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Profitability Ratios Profitability Ratios attempt to measure the firm’s success in generating income. These ratios reflect the combined effects of the firm’s asset and debt management. Profit Margin The Profit Margin indicates the dollars in income that the firm earns on each dollar of sales. This ratio is calculated by dividing Net Income by Sales. Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) The Return on Assets Ratio indicates the dollars in income earned by the firm on its assets
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Ratio analysis 1. Liquidity ratio The liquidity ratios measure the company’s ability to meet its short-term debt obligations (Intermediate accounting- Kieso‚ D.E.‚ J.J. Weygandt and T.D. Warfield). These ratios include current ratios‚ quick ratios‚ and cash ratio. Current ratio: the current ratio of GM has increased from 1.29 in 2012 to 1.30 in 2013. With a higher ratio in 2013‚ it’s better for GM to meet its short-term obligation. Quick ratio: the quick ratio of GM has improved from 0.79 in 2012
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reported on the financial statements. 1) Return on Equity: One of the most important profitability ratios is return on equity (ROE). ROE is the amount of net income returned as a percentage of shareholders equity. Return on equity measures a corporation’s profitability by revealing how much profit a company generates with the money shareholders have invested. The return on equity ratio is computed as follows: Return on Equity = | Net Income | | Average Shareholder’s Equity | Simply
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